35. Fatir/Creator
I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah
The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.
35:01
a. The Praise and Gratitude is for Allah – The One and Only God of everyone and everything,
- Creator of the celestial realm and the terrestrial world without any precedent,
- The Appointer of the angels as message-bearers, with two and three and four pairs of
wings.
b. HE increases creation as and what HE Wills.
c. Indeed, Allah Manifests Sovereignty over all existence.
35:02
a. Whatever mercy and good fortune Allah may open up for a people, no one can or is able to hold it back, and
b. whatever of these HE may hold back, there is not one, who can or is able to give it after HIM deciding not to give,
c. for HE is The Almighty, The Wise.
35:03
a. O The People of the World!
b. Remember Allah’s blessings and favors upon you -
c. Is there any creator, other than Allah, who can provide for you sources of sustenance from the sky and the earth?
d. No. There can never be one!
e. There is no entity of worship –and can never be - apart from HIM.
f. How, then, can you be so self-deceiving?
35:04
a. And if they belie and deny you, O The Prophet, know that Messengers before you were
also belied and denied.
b. And ultimately all matters are to be referred to Allah for resolution.
35:05
a. O The People of the World!
b. Indeed, Allah’s Promise about the Hereafter is true,
c. therefore, do not be seduced by the worldly life,
Prayer [al-Ṣalāh] is the second most important pillar of Islām. This is the ritual which is supposed to be offered by all the Muslims, who come of age and are sane, regardless of their status and wealth. Following the acceptance of Islām, offering Prayer is the foremost obligation of a Muslim, which is considered the prime manifestation and the testimony of his or her practical submission to Allāh and His religion, Islām. Faith in Allāh is the foundation of Islām, in the same way, Prayer is the practical foundation of Islām. Therefore, the Prophet (S. A. W) laid stress on the significance of Prayer, the most. Only those, who are steadfast in their Prayers and safeguard them are really aware of its importance, and only they can expect from Allāh to give them their reward, thus, they are the true believers. The importance and reality of Prayer can be understood only by that person who is well aware of this relation between man and Allāh and only he can feel its true spiritual pleasure. The effects of Prayer are prominently visible in the daily life of Muslims. The history of Prayer is as old as the religion itself. Its concept has been a part of all the religions, however, they have different ways to perform it. In this paper, the author explores the Islamic academic sources to ascertain the importance and the status of Prayer in Islām. Also, he explores its history, the tidings and remuneration of Prayer and of the rites and rituals belonging to it, e. G., Mosque, Āzān, Iqāmat, Rukū‘ (to bow down), Prostration, Maintenance of Ranks, etc.
Six series of N-vinyl pyrrolidone based copolymers were synthesized by free radical solution polymerization of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and n-alkyl methacrylate monomers. The n-butyl methacrylate and n-hexyl methacrylate were selected as the hydrophobic counterpart. In the first part of the study properties of uncrosslinked poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone-co-n-alkyl methacrylate) copolymers were modified by varying the weight % ratio of the two monomers. Elemental analyses, FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic analyses techniques were used for structure elucidation of the copolymers. Thermal stabilities and glass transition temperatures of the copolymers were directly related to the amount of n-alkyl methacrylate as well as the alkyl chain length of methacrylate comonomer. The water uptake characteristics of the copolymers were related to the amount of hydrophilic NVP incorporated into these copolymers. The hydrophobic drug dexamethasone was loaded into the copolymers with optimum water uptake and prolonged aqueous stability. The drug release studies were carried out at physiological temperature 37 °C and pH 7.4 for 35 days. Controlled drug release was observed from the selected copolymer films during the study time period. The cumulative drug release was found to be mainly controlled by the amount of hydrophilic monomer and molecular weight of the copolymers. In the second part of present study crosslinked poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone-co-n-alkyl methacrylate) copolymers were synthesized at fixed weight % ratio of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and n-alkyl methacrylate monomers (i.e NVP : nAMA = 90:10) using various concentrations of polyfunctional monomers employed as crosslinking agents. The effect of crosslinker concentration and functionality on gel content, thermal stability, water uptake, internal morphology and drug release was investigated. Gel contents and thermal stability of the crosslinked copolymers increased with increasing crosslinker concentration as well as its functionality. The water uptake at 37 °C decreased with increasing crosslinker concentration and functionality however the increase in alkyl chain length of alkyl methacrylate resulted in increased water uptake. The crosslinked copolymers with optimized crosslinker concentrations exhibited controlled drug release patterns at 37 °C and pH 7.4. Higher amounts of cumulative drug release were observed for copolymers crosslinked with trifunctional crosslinkers leading to complete drug release in 20-22 days while the copolymers crosslinked with difunctional crosslinker exhibited controlled drug release upto 35 days. The kinetics and mechanism of the drug release was also analyzed.