كل 15 رباعیات اس مونوگراف میں شامل ہیں۔ بال جبریل سے گیارہ (11) رباعیات کا انتخاب شامل ہے۔ جبکہ (4) رباعیات ” ارمغان حجاز “سے منتخب کی گئی ہیں ۔ مونو گراف کا مقصد طویل کتب کی بجائے کسی شخصیت کے بارے میں مختصرا ایسا مواد تیار کیا جائے جس میں اس شخصیت کی زندگی، کارناموں اور صلاحیتوں کا جامع نقشہ پیش کیا جاسکے۔ یہ ایک کٹھن کام ہے کیونکہ مختصر لکھنے کے لیے طویل مطالعہ درکار ہوتا ہے تب ہی مختصر لکھا جا سکتا ہے۔
اقبال کی زندگی کا صرف ایک پہلو نہیں ہے اس لیے علامہ اقبال پر مونوگراف لکھنا بہت ہی مشکل کام ہے مگر پروفیسر عبد الحق نے جس دلجمعی سے اس نصب العین کو نبھایا ہے اس کے لیے آپ داد کے مستحق ہیں۔ کوئی اور ہوتا تو شاید درمیان میں ہی چھوڑ کر راہ فرار اختیار کر چکا ہوتا مگر آپ نے اس قدر روانی سے لکھا ہے کہ پڑھتے وقت زبان بھی نہیں رکتی اور قاری خود کو حیات اقبال میں محسوس کرنے لگتا ہے۔
BackgroundMany women enjoy wearing high heels despite knowing they can harm their feet. Many uncomfortable conditions can originate from wearing this shoe, leading to biomechanical changes in ankle joints. Hence, the study is aimed to identify the effects of massage therapy in improving muscular flexibility among women wearing high heels. MethodologyForty female participants with chronic heel pain were included in the single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Participants were divided into Group-A (Stretching and deep heat) and Group-B (petrissage and deep heat). The treatment was performed for 4 weeks, 3 sessions/week in both groups. Foot function index and ankle dorsiflexion were recorded at baseline and after 4-weeks of intervention. ResultsForty female participants with a mean age of 28.23±6.24 were recruited. Both groups showed significant improvement in all three variables, i.e. Pain, disability, and ankle dorsiflexion. However, Group-B showed more significant results with mean differences of 1.80±2.22 and 4.1±6.7 (p<0.05) for pain and disability, respectively. A similar result was observed for ankle dorsiflexion in which a mean difference of 0.95±1.08 in the left and 1.25±1.12 in the right ankle was observed. ConclusionBoth treatment programs are highly effective in reducing pain, reducing disability, and improving ankle joint ROM. However, petrissage massage and deep heating were superior to superficial heat with static stretching for females with chronic heel pain. DOI: https: //doi. Org/10.59564/amrj/01.01/006
Among the highly fragrant rose species, R. centifolia, R. gruss an teplitz and R. borboniana have high commercial importance and value added potential. However, their large plant size, small flower size and lack of diversification in color detracts these species from recent trends of floriculture market. Therefore, this study aimed to produce reduced-stature plants and to improve flower color and size through in vitro mutagenesis using gamma irradiation, colchicine and somaclonal variation techniques. For this purpose cultures of R. gruss an teplitz, R. centifolia and R. borboniana were established by disinfestation of shoot tips with 0.1% HgCl2. It gave maximum survival percentage with limited occurrence of bacterial and fungal contamination. BAP @ 1.0 mgl-1 and IBA @ 0.50 mgl-1 found to be the optimum concentrations for shoot proliferation and in vitro rooting respectively. Micropropagated shoot tips of R. gruss an teplitz, R. centifolia and R. borboniana were irradiated with gamma rays upto 120 Gy. Minimum survival percentage was recorded at 60, 30 and 50 Gy respectively. Above these doses of gamma rays there was a complete mortality. Moreover, plant height was decreased with reduction in color and size of flowers. During selection variegated, pink color and abnormal shape flowers were also found in R. gruss an teplitz. Influence of colchicine was found to be species specific and its response showed significant results. Shoot tips treated with colchicine solutions for three hours resulted in minimum survival percentage at the maximum level of colchicine (1100 mgl-1). However, plant height was maximum in the plants of R. gruss an teplitz, R.centifolia and R. borboniana treated with colchicine solution at 900 and 1100 mgl-1. Moreover, treated R. gruss an teplitz and R. centifolia produced large size flowers with more intensification of color. This technique resulted in generation of variegated, serated petals and abnormal shape flowers in R. gruss an teplitz. In another set of trial micropropagated shoot tip explants were incubated for 5, 7 and 11 days in MS media fortified with different concentrations of colchicine. It resulted minimum survival percentage with the increase in the colchicine concentration and incubation period. However, plant height, flower size and intensification of flower color were increased with increase in the concentration of colchicine upto 450 mgl-1 with incubation period of 11 days. Use of colchicine in medium also yielded variegated flowers in R. gruss an teplitz species. Plants of R. gruss an teplitz obtained through regeneration via callus exhibited significant somaclonal variation than other regeneration methods. Genetic variation found in rose species was confirmed through RAPD analysis. Now these mutants need to be screened over the next few years for floral and vegetative characteristics. This study adds to the ongoing efforts to increase diversification in plant height, flower color and size of rose flowers. The outcome of the study will be helpful for future studies regarding induction of mutations in rose species.