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Department Information System for Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad

Thesis Info

Author

Arshad Barkat

Department

Deptt. of Computer Sciences, QAU.

Program

MSc

Institute

Quaid-i-Azam University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

1999

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

49

Subject

Computer Sciences

Language

English

Other

Call No: DISS/M.Sc COM/566

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676715448803

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عقل مند باندر

عقل مند باندر

اک دفعہ دی گل اے کہ اک ملک اتے اک رحم دل بادشاہ دی حکومت سی۔ اوس دا اک وزیر نال بہت پیار سی۔ وزیر دا اک پتر تے بادشاہ دی اک دھی سی۔ بادشاہ دی دھی بہت خوبصورت سی۔ جس پاروں اک جن اوہدے اتے عاشق ہو گیا تے اک دن موقع ملن تے اوس نوں چک کے لے جاندا اے۔ بادشاہ نوں جدوں پتہ لگا تاں اوس وزیر نوں اپنی دھی لبھن دا حکم دتا۔ بادشاہ نے اپنی حکومت وچ اعلان کروا دتا کہ جو کوئی میری دھی نوں لے آوے گا۔ میں اوہدے نال اپنی دھی دا ویاہ کروا دیواں گا۔

وزیر نے گھر آ کے اپنے پتر نال بادشاہ دی دھی نوں لبھن لئی کوشش کرن دی گل کیتی۔ وزیر دا پتر بادشاہ دی دھی نوں لبھن لئی گھروں ٹر پیندا اے۔ رستے وچ اوہنوں اک باندر ملدا اے۔ باندر چنے دی دال کھا رہیا ہوندا اے۔ باندر کجھ دال وزیر دے پتر نوں وی کھاون لئی دیندا اے۔ اوہ دال کھا لیندا اے۔ باندر اوس نوں پچھدا اے کہ کتھے جا رہیا ایں؟ اوہ ساری گل باندر نوں دسدا اے۔ باندر اوس نوں نال لے جاون لئی آکھدا اے۔ اوہدی رضا مندی نوں بعد دونویں اگلی منزل ول ٹرپیندے نیں۔

ٹرے جاندے رستے وچ اوہناں نوں اک حویلی وچ اک وڈا رسہ تے سہاگہ پیارا نظر آندا اے۔ باندر اوس نوں ایہہ دونویں چیزاں چکن نوں آکھدا اے۔ اوہ گل سن کے انکار کر دیندا اے۔ باندر اوس کولوں مڑ کھاہدی اپنی دال منگدا اے۔ اوہ سوال سن کے چپ کر جاندا اے تے دونویں چیزاں چک کے آگانہہ نوں ٹر پیندے نیں۔

تھوڑا سفر کرن توں بعد اوہ جن دے گھر اپڑ جاندے نیں۔ باندر جدوں...

شاہ ولی اللہ کی تعلیمات کی روشنی میں خانگی نظام: ایک تحقیقی جائزہ

Every Human being needs family system to live with dignity. There is joint family system, and separate family system in practice in Muslim Societies. Shah Waliullah gave concept of ideal family system. The ingredients of ideal family system of Shah Waliullah are Nikāḥ, Siblings, Property, Love and Society. People faced many problems for living respectfully, and born grave losses due to war. Shah Waliullah not only taught us religious teachings but also guided us how to make our socio- economic system strong as well as family system. In this article, his teachings and thoughts about family system have been discussed.

Screening Selected Medicinal Plants for Anticancer and Biological Activities

Plant secondary metabolites as biologically active compounds have a great future in controlling various degenerative diseases. The bioactive compounds certainly play a key role in effective medications. Bioactive compounds can be probed in the medicinal plants through in vitro and in vivo assays. In the past few decades, extensive work has been done to discover effective drugs from natural sources with low side effects. Due to medicinal significance in folk lore, eight medicinal plants (Albizia lebbeck, Melia azedarach, Hedera helix, Saxifraga flagellaris, Valeriana jatamansi, Fagonia cretica, Withania coagulans, and Moringa oleifera) were selected from the local flora to determine their anticancer potential and other biological activities. Initially, the plant extracts were obtained in 70% ethanol and were later fractionized into ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and n-hexane. The crude plant extracts were then used in various bioassays to determine their anti-bacterial, antifungal, phyto-toxic, anti-oxidant and anticancer potential. Also, the plant extracts were tested for proximate composition, heavy metals and phyto-chemicals. After, isolation and purification of compound, the compound of interest were utilized against cancer cell line (HT-29 Colon cancer cell lines). To estimate the antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria alternate, Fusarium oxysporum, and Polysphondylium pallidum, an agar well diffusion method was adopted. The results showed that the crude methanolic extract of all plants were very effective against the selected fungal species. Melia azedarach, plants extract showed highest zone of inhibition 30.0±0.67 mm to 65.0±0.45 mm , followed by Saxifraga flagellaris, 29.0±0.67 mm to 65.0±0.54 mm, Moringa oleifera, 23.0±0.78 mm to 60.0±0.22 mm and Hedera helix, 0±0.55 mm to 57.0±0.88 mm. Antibacterial activity was also determined with the help of agar well diffusion method. The bacterial strains Streptococcus mutans, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), and Serratia marcescens (Gramnegative), were used. The antibacterial activity revealed that the crude methanolic extract of all plants were effective against the tested bacterial strains. Fagonia cretica plants extract showed highest zone of inhibition ranging from 07.0±0.66 mm to 15.0±0.33 mm (28 to 57.69%), followed by Valeriana jatamansi (25 to 57.14%). To determine the phytotoxic activity of the crude extracts (10, 20, and 40 mg), Lactuca sativa was used as a test plant. The crude extract of all plants at 20 and 40 mg have restricted the radical and plumule growth of L. sativa. The proximate analysis of the selected medicinal plants displayed substantial quantities of basic nutrients, like proteins, carbohydrate, fat, moisture and ash contents. The ethyl acetate extract of the tested medicinal plant species presented highest DPPH scavenging activity. Moreover, significant amounts of alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, flavonoids and phenols have been noticed in the crude extract of these plants. The MTT bioassay against available cancer cell line (Colon cancer cells--- HT-29) showed that Saxifraga flagellaris has restricted the cancer cell growth by 90%, followed by Fagonia cretica (31%), Moringa oleifera (23%), Valeriana jatamansi (21%), Withania coagulans (16%) and Hedera helix (10%). The potent crude extract of Saxifraga flagellaris was then subjected to the compound isolation by chromatographic techniques and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, DEPT 90 and DEPT135. The isolated compound was identified as adlumidine with molecular formula C20H17NO6 and molecular weight of 367.357 amu. This compound was reported in Saxifraga flagellaris for the first time. The purified compound, adlumidine reduced the cell viability of HCT 116 and PC3 cells. This compound proved to be toxic against HCT 116 and PC3 cell lines at ≥ 20 µg/ml concentrations. Adlumidine increased early apoptosis to 19.5%, while boosted late apoptosis to 10.4%. Furthermore, adlumidine induced caspase-3- dependent apoptosis in HCT 116 and PC3 cell lines. From the results of present study, it is concluded that Saxifraga flagellaris has potent bioactive compound(s) that can potentially control cancer and other contagious diseases.