Pemikiran Filosofis Pendidikan Islam (Esensialisme)

Essentialism represents one of the branches within the realm of educational philosophy. The emergence of this perspective can be traced back to a response against the absolutist and dogmatic tendencies of medieval symbolism. Subsequently, it formulates a structured and all-encompassing understanding of humanity and the universe, tailored to the contemporary demands. The essentialist viewpoint in education asserts that a foundational approach, contrasting with a wholly flexible stance, can serve as a foundation for cultivating a steadfast and unwavering outlook, one that is less prone to fluctuations and inconsistency. Consequently, education should be grounded in enduring values that promote stability, have stood the test of time, exhibit clarity, and are deliberately chosen.The essentialist philosophy of education aims to reintroduce a return to traditional culture. Advocates of this philosophy hold the belief that ancient cultures possess numerous virtues capable of benefiting the progression of humanity. Their emphasis is on reverting to cultural practices that have existed since the inception of human civilization, with a primary focus on the cultural advancements that transpired during the Renaissance period, spanning the 11th to 14th centuries AD. The Renaissance was marked by significant efforts to rekindle the realms of science, art, and classical culture, particularly those hailing from the eras of ancient Greece and Rome. In contrast, the Islamic philosophical perspective on education and the concept of essentialism exhibits distinctions. These differences arise from varying interpretations concerning the interrelation between God, human beings, and the natural environment. The philosophical underpinnings of Islamic education find their foundation within the core concepts of Islam, encompassing the Quran and Hadith, as well as insights from distinguished Islamic scholars and thinkers.

Potential of Maize Zea Mays L. for Phytoremediation of Selenium

Selenium (Se) is a vital component for human beings, animals and for certain plants at smaller concentration but at higher concentrations it causes toxicity. Through natural and anthropogenic sources it goes in environment. The process of bioaccumulation starts which makes noteworthy intercession when selenium concentration increased. The excess selenium from contaminated sites remove through a process of phytoremediation.Plant that gather selenium up to the levels which can satisfy animal’s food needs of selenium without lethal its belongings are exceptionally valuable. Maize (Zea mays L.) is extensively grown staple cereal with encouraging qualities of a heavy metal accumulator. The potential use of this crop in phytoremediation is advanced especially to evolve nations with restricted assets accessible for characteristic recovery. Thinking about these actualities, this research work has been wanted to evaluate the capability of maize for the phytoremediation of selenium contaminated soil. A series of hydroponic and pot experiments were conducted in wire house for this research work. The initial experiment was led to observe the effect of various levels of Se (control, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mgL-1) on the different growth and some physiological parameters in maize and to study the response of different varieties of maize to Se application. Seedlings of eight maize varieties (Syngenta 8711, Pioneer 33H15, Pioneer 31P41, Monsanto 6525, Cargill 6142, Pioneer 32F10, Monsanto 6142 and Syngenta 8441) were grown in Hoagland’s nutrient solution. The second study was conducted in soil medium with same treatment used in first experiment. Aside from the parameters in the underlying investigation selenium concentration in roots and shoots of maize genotypes was estimated. Third experiment was conducted with foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) helpful in improving growth of maize genotypes in selenium stress. Results indicated that lower levels of selenium improved the plant growth but higher level of selenium hindered plant growth. In case of shoot length, root length, fresh and dry biomass on an average, Pioneer 33H15 was performed the best whereas the Monsanto 6142 performed poor. The Se concentration in shoots and roots in maize plants improved with increasing Se application. Foliar application of salicylic acid @ 100 μM was found effective under selenium stress.