حضرت مولانا شاہ محی الدین پھلواروی امیر شریعت بہار
پھلواری پٹنہ سے چند میل پچھم ایک مردم خیز قصبہ ہے، جو صدیوں سے اس صوبہ کا علمی اور مذہبی مرکز ہے، یہاں خانقاہ مجیبی قائم ہے، جہاں ظاہر و باطن اور علم و عمل دونوں کے سرچشمے آکرملتے ہیں، اس خانقاہ کی خاص خصوصیت یہ ہے کہ شروع سے اب تک اس کے سجادہ نشین علم شریعت و طریقت دونوں کے جامع رہے ہیں، یعنی ہر صاحب سجادہ صوفی صافی ہونے کے ساتھ عالم دین بھی ہوتے آئے ہیں، دستار فضیلت اور خرقہ مشیخت دونوں یہاں ایک جسم پر آراستہ رہے ہیں، اور اب دو پشتوں سے یہاں کے صاحب سجادہ صوبہ کے امیر شریعت بھی ہورہے ہیں، شاہ عبدالعزیز صاحب محدث دہلوی کے ملفوظات میں اس خاندان کے معاصر شیخ کا تذکرہ مدح کے ساتھ آیا ہے، مولانا شاہ اسمٰعیل شہید نے اپنے سفر بہارو بنگال میں اس خانقاہ میں بھی قدم رنجہ فرمایا۔
سجادہ نشین جاں حضرت مولانا شاہ محی الدینؒ خلف حضرت مولانا شاہ بدرالدین صاحبؒ نے چند سال کے اضمحلال طبع اور تسلسل علالت کے بعد ۲۹؍ جمادی الاولیٰ ۱۳۶۶ھ مطابق ۲۲؍ اپریل ۱۹۴۷ء کی صبح کو ستر سال کی عمر میں اس دار فانی کو الوداع کہا، اور زمانہ قدیم کی ایسی یادگار مٹ گئی، جس کی زیارت سے بزرگوں کی بہت سی نشانیاں ایک ذات میں نظر آتی تھیں۔
مجھ ہیچمدان کو مرحوم سے گوناگوں تعلقات حاصل تھے، میرے والد مرحوم نے ان کے والد مرحوم کے ساتھ ان کے نانا حضرت شاہ علی حبیب صاحب قدس سرہ سے فیض ارادت اور تکمیل باطن حاصل کی تھی، میرے والد مرحوم کی پیدائش ۱۲۵۷ھ میں ہوئی تھی، اور اخذ و فیض و استفادہ جوانی میں شروع کیا، جس کے معنی یہ ہیں، کہ اس واقعہ پر اسی (۸۰) نوے (۹۰) برس گذر...
Dr. Shari'ati is a revolutionary intellectual personality of this century. He regarded Islamic values as the guarantee of salvation and success for humanity. He sought to mobilize and revive frozen Islamic ideas. That is, tried to bring the Islamic concept out of the boundaries of formal and congested boundaries into common and general thoughts. Dr. Shari'ati also presented a unique view that divine Imam transcends than worldly governments and this divine leadership cannot be determined by (Shuraiet). Rather, it can be diagnosed by an obvious reason (Nass). This doctrine of Dr. Shari'ati is contrary to the ideology of the Sunni and the Shi'ite’s concept of Imamat and Khilafat because the Sunni sect believes that Khilafat Or Imamt should be determine by the Shurait (Council) and Shiites by the will(Nass). According to Dr. Shairathi, Imamat cannot be determining through Shourait or Nass but it can be identified by the superior attributes of the Imam. He believes that Imamat is not an external factor which can gain by attainment or by choice; rather, it is an Inherit object. In accepting this doctrine of Dr. Shari'ati, than the Imamat becomes a part of the system of naturalism (Takveeni). That makes the Imamat not a model process for humanity. So it would be a complicated issue to discuss and discover either the theory of Dr. Shari'ati is a applicable idea of Imamat or it is a just onlyu idialogy which cannot be practiced. The dissertation has been written to examine the reality of these two cases either Imamat is inherit case or it can be attainment case through Shouriat or Nass.
Production of vigorous seedlings and transplanting at proper age is a primary feature to get good paddy yield. Due to the shrinkage of world water resources rice cultivation is in shift from flooded to aerobic condition. This shift may alter the soil condition that can cause the problem of boron and zinc uptake, which leads toward reduction in final yield. Two field experiments were conducted during 2008 and 2009 growing seasons at Agronomic Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (310-25’N,730-09’E), Pakistan. The first one studied the seeding densities, nitrogen fertilization rate and seedling age in the rice nursery that is used for transplanting. Such treatments were evaluated in term of seedling vigor, plant growth, yield and yield attributes. The study revealed that fertilized seedlings older than 10 days and grown with low seeding density at nursery-bed, significantly improved seedling vigor. Maximum paddy yield (3.7 t/ha) was observed with transplanting youngest seedlings (10-days older) but transplanting of 20-days older fertilized seedlings grown at low seeding densities resulted in almost similar yield (3.6 t/ha) with younger. Older seedlings leads to reduced yield and the lowest yield (2 t/ha) was observed after transplanting unfertilized 40- days older seedlings grown at high seeding density. The best benefit cost ratio (BCR) was observed with S1 (1.59) followed by S2 (1.40) while in nursery management, fertilized seedlings grown with low seeding density found the highest BCR (1.53) in year 2008. The second experiment investigated the nutrition effect of boron and zinc in different rice cultures. Boron and zinc are supplementary nutrients were used as basal fertilizers in the rice fields that had different water management. Results showed that the rice crop significantly reduced yield (42 %) and impair quality when it was subjected to grow in aerobic condition without nutrients application. However, nutrients application in crop grown with periodic flooding and drying improved yield (4.81 t/ha) and quality as compared with aerobic culture (2.89 t/ha) and performed as good as the normal flooded rice. Maximum paddy yield (5.02 t/ha) was recorded in flooded rice with the combined application of boron and zinc which was statistically similar with treatment of periodic flooding and drying. In addition to this the best BCR was achieved with field under periodic flooding and drying (1.89) followed by flooded rice (1.75) and the minimum BCR (1.39) was found in aerobic rice culture . Fertilizer application revealed that maximum BCR (2.05) was recorded with micronutrients application as compared to control during 2008. These findings sustenance the young seedling components of System of Rice Intensification and illustrate that making a minor additional investment in raising a healthy and vigorous seedling in nursery seed-bed, farmers can harvest a reasonable yield benefits. Results also demonstrated that introduction of aerobic rice cultivation for fine rice can increase the deficiency problem of micronutrients (B & Zn) in calcareous soils.