کچھ غیر رسمی باتیں
ابتدائے کلام کرتا ہوں
دم تری بندگی کا بھرتا ہوں
جب تری حمد کان پڑتی ہے
دلِ مردہ میں جان پڑتی ہے
کیونکہ
ہے نکتہء آغازِ سخن نام اسی کا
میں سب سے پہلے خدائے بزرگ و برتر کی بلند بارگاہ میں سجدہ ریز ہوں جس نے مجھے عقل و شعور بخشا اور فہم و فراست سے نوازا۔الحمدللہ رب العالمین علی کل حال!۔بعد از حمد و ثناء مقصودِ کائنات فخرِ موجودات شفیعِ اعظم حضرت احمد مجتبیٰ محمد مصطفیٰؐکی بارگاہ میں دست بستہ بے حساب درو و سلام کہ جن کا امتی ہونے کی خواہش انبیاء کرام علیہم السلام نے فرمائی۔
خدائے بزرگ و برتر کا بے حساب شکر گزار ہوں کہ جس نے اپنی رحمت سے مجھے زندگی کے اس سفر کو عبور کرنے کی صلاحیت عطا فرمائی۔حمد و ثناء اور درود و سلام کے بعد سب سے پہلے شکر گزار ہوں اپنی امی جان کا جو کہ میری پہلی استاد ہیں اور جنہوں نے میرا ہاتھ پکڑ کر لکھنا سکھایا۔اپنے والد محترم کا شکر گزار ہوں کہ جنہوں نے خود تنگیاں اور پریشانیاں خندہ پیشانی سے برداشت کیں اور ہمیں ہر سہولت اور آسائش فراہم کی اور مجھے ہر چند روز بعد میرے مقالے کی بابت پوچھتے رہے کہ’’ بیٹا کتنا کام کر لیا اور کتنا رہتا ہے‘‘۔اس سے مجھے بروقت کام کرنے میں تحریک ملتی رہی۔میں اپنی دادی جان کا بھی بے حد شکر گزار ہوں جن کی بدولت میرے اندر ادبی ذوق پیدا ہوا۔اپنی دونوں بہنوں کا بھی دل سے شکر گزار ہوں جنہوں نے مقالہ لکھنے کے دوران میری ہر ضرورت کا خیال رکھا اور میری ایک آواز پہ لبیک کہا۔میں اپنے شاگردِ رشیدمحمد خلیل اور چھوٹے بھائی محمد دانش ملک کا بھی شکریہ ادا کرتا ہوں جنہوں نے کلامِ یونس...
Diabetic nephropathy, also known as diabetic kidney disease is the chronic loss of kidney function occurring in those with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) globally. Protein loss in the urine due to damage to the glomeruli may become massive, and cause a low serum albumin with resulting generalized body swelling (edema) and result in the nephrotic syndrome. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of renal disease in diabetic patients and its complications in Pakistan. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Renal and Diabetic Departments of the Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore, over a period of 3 months, after obtaining the ethical approval from the The University of Lahore. A total number of 100 Diabetic patients were selected through non probability convenient sampling technique. Patients of both sexes and all age groups were included. Results: In this study 60% were male and 40% were female. About 41% diabetic patients were 1-6 month of age, 42% were 1-5 years old and 1% of 18-23 years old who had renal diseases while 9% patients were without any renal disease. Whereas the prevalence of diabetes is more in infants than others which is 35%. But there was not significant association between onset of renal diseases with the onset of diabetes mellitus with p-value 0.24. Conclusions: Results of current study showed that diabetes mellitus effecting individuals of all ages equally but there was not significant association between diabetes and renal diseases.
Background: Breast cancer in the young refers to a diagnosis of breast cancer in a female under the age of forty years. This is considered a distinct disease with different risk factors, biology, and prognosis. Young age at breast cancer diagnosis is reportedly more common among African-Americans. The highest proportion of breast cancer in the young has been reported in Africa. Early detection of breast cancer in Africa is hampered by lack of access to health care services, appropriate screening tools, and high cost of magnetic resonance imaging for the high risk groups. Despite a worse prognosis, management of breast cancer in the young has remained similar to that in the old females. Regional differences in the characteristics and outcomes of breast cancer in the young have been reported. There are no studies published on breast cancer in the young from the East African region. This study describes and compares the risk factors, clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes of breast cancer in young females (<40 years>old) compared to the older females (>/= 40 years) at the Aga Khan University hospital, Nairobi (AKUH-N). Methods: We did a retrospective survey of all patients diagnosed with breast cancer at AKUH-N oncology unit between March 2012 and March 2015. We extracted data on age at diagnosis, clinical presentations, risk factors, tumour pathologic characteristics, and outcome. Results: A total of 228 breast cancer cases were diagnosed between March 2012 and March 2015, of whom 30% (69/228) were categorized as young while 70 % (159/228) were equal to or older than 40 years of age. The mean ages were 32 years, 52 years and 47 years for the young, old, and entire population of breast cancer cases respectively. All the young presented with a breast lump while 81.8% of the old had complained of a lump (P=0.001) at presentation. Compared to the old young females (54% vs. 46%, OR=2.489, P=0.045) presented earlier, and 5.5% had atypical hyperplasia (P=0.021). The young females with breast cancer had a lower weight (71kg vs. 75Kgs respectively, P=0.021). Though not statistically significant, the young females had more metastatic disease at presentation compared to the old (17.5% vs. 8.5% P=0.148). Compared to the old women, the young were more likely not to undergo surgery (21.9% vs. 5.8%, P=0.001), less likely to undergo modified radical mastectomy (31.2% vs. 54.2%, P=0.001) and preferred breast conserving (45.3% vs. 38.9%, p=0.001). Similarly, the tumours in the young