پروفیسر عبدالقوی دسنوی مرحوم
افسوس، پروفیسر عبدالقوی دسنوی اس دنیا سے رخصت ہوئے، اِناﷲ وَاِنا اِلَیہ رَاجِعُون۔ ۷؍ جولائی کو وہ بھوپال کی خاک میں آسودہ خواب ہوئے تو اردو کی دنیا صرف ایک شریف، متین اور نشیط صاحب قلم سے ہی محروم نہیں ہوئی، ایسے مخلص، فعال بلک مجاہد انسان کو کھوبیٹھی جس کا تعلق اس جنس سے تھا جس کو اب نایاب ہی کہا جاسکتا ہے۔
دیسنہ ان کا وطن تھا، سادات کا یہ گاؤں بہار کیا پورے ہندوستان میں ممتاز اور منفرد تھا کہ اکثر باشندوں نے تعلیم قدیم و جدید دونوں کو یکساں اہمیت دی۔ کم ایسی بستیاں ہیں جن کی خاک سے مولانا سید سلیمان ندوی، سید ابوظفر ندوی، سید نجیب اشرف ندوی اور سید صباح الدین عبدالرحمن جیسی شخصیتیں اٹھیں اور علم و قلم کے بادل بن کر ملک کے مختلف خطوں کو سیراب کرگئیں۔
پروفیسر عبدالقوی بھی اسی سلسلہ ابروسحاب کا ایک حصہ تھے۔ بچپن، وطن میں ضرور گزرا جہاں مدرسۃ الاصلاح سے تعلیم کا آغاز ہوا، ۴۲ء میں وہ آرہ کے ہائی اسکول کی آٹھویں جماعت میں تھے لیکن پھر وہ بمبئی آگئے جہاں ان کے والد پروفیسر سید سعید رضا ندوی درس و تدریس کی ذمہ داریاں انجام دے رہے تھے، قوی صاحب نے بمبئی کے مشہور سینٹ زیویر اسکول میں اعلیٰ تعلیم حاصل کی، بمبئی گویا وطن ثانی تھا لیکن قدرت نے ان کے لیے بھوپال دارالاقبال کی سرزمین اس طرح مقدر کی کہ ۶۱ء میں سیفیہ کالج کے شعبہ اردو کی خالی جگہ کے لیے ایک درخواست اور اس کی قبولیت نے ان کو ’’بھوپال والے عبدالقوی دسنوی‘‘ بنادیا، بمبئی کے ہنگامہ خیز اور پرشور ماحول سے نکلے تو کوہساروں، بیابانوں کے نشیب و فراز اور ان کے دامن میں بکھرے زندگی کے تازہ و شاداب جلوؤں اور پرسکون ماحول کو پاکر محسوس کیا...
Fashionable dressing is a very sensitive issue for females, it creates sometimes confusion that what are the limits and orders of “Shariah” for it. So I try to inform all females a proper dress code in the light of Islamic “Shariah”. Islam is not against the fashion but it says that it should be only for “Mahrams” and it should not be out of limits. So the article deals to clarify needs and importance of dress, dress codes in Islam as well as the usage of different type of dressings like thin, fitted, expensive and costly, male dresses, uneven (not according to Islam) etc. It will clarify the confusion which makes us confused in fashionable dressing and how much it is allowed to keep them in use. Islam has provided guidance in dressing like in any other fields of life as well as fashion is allowed by Allah as blessing but according to the rules and regulation of Islamic “Shariah” and do not try to go against it. That is why we have to be aware and careful while fashioning.
Punjab province is the major wheat producing tract of the country and one-third of its total cultivated area is rainfed where rainfall is erratic and uncertain. This situation is a major limiting factor for wheat production. Understanding of genetic mechanism of drought tojerance is imperative to develop suitable wheat genotypes for these areas. Forty wheat genotypes possessing diverse genetic makeup were tested in field under medium rainfall conditions at Barani Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Chakwal and under high rainfall conditions at Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi. From these genotypes, eight contrasting genotypes (four each drought tolerant, Inqlab-91, MAW-1, Saleem-2000 and 2KC033 and drought susceptible No. 2495, 3C061, 3C062 and 3C066) were screened out on the basis of more/less yield reduction and were crossed in all possible combinations at BARI, Chakwal. F1 hybrids alongwith parents were grown at BARI, Chakwal under two conditions; irrigated and rainfed. Data were recorded for drought and yield related attributes and were analyzed to understand the genetic mechanisms of these traits. Results of genetic analysis and graphical analysis revealed that over dominance action of genes for number of fertile tillers per plant, number of grains per spike, 1000 grain weight, number of spikelets per spike, grain filling period, grain filling rate, grain yield per plant, dry weight at maturity, harvest index and protein contents remained unchanged under irrigated and rainfed conditions. Similarly additive type gene action was observed for peduncle length, plant height and number of days to maturity under both irrigated and rainfed conditions. Over dominance type of gene action for number of days to heading and flag leaf area under irrigated conditions changed to dominance under rainfed and for spike length under irrigated conditions changed to additive under rainfed conditions. Genrtic effects controlling for the expression of yield and yield components shifted due to the changed environments. Graphic presentation indicated that parental genotypes shifted their positions from recessive to dominant or the midway or vice versa, for the same trait in response to environmental change. It was noted from the graphs that gene control of certain traits was also modified due to change in environment. Recessive gene control for number of days to heading, grain yield per plant and harvest index under irrigated conditions changed to dominant gene control under rainfed while dominant gene control of 1000 grain weight under irrigated condition changed to recessive under rainfed condition. However, it was also found that gene action for many characters remained unchanged over environments. Genotypes Inqlab-91 and MAW-1 displaying similar constitution under both sowing conditions showed that these contained stable genes for those particular characters. The screened genotypes and breeding material so generated will serve as raw material for the breeders to develop high yielding and drought tolerant wheat varieties for the rainfed areas.