اب دل تنہا خوش رہتا ہے
میں نے خود کو بدل لیا ہے
وصل ، فراق ، اداسی سب کو
میں نے آنکھوں سے دیکھا ہے
پیار ترے کو سمجھ نہ پایا
پیار سراسر اک دھوکا ہے
دل کا کھونا ، آنکھ کا رونا
عشق میں ایسا تو ہوتا ہے؟
عشق برا ہو تیرا تُو نے
مجھ کو تو بس مار دیا ہے
مایوسی بھی کفر ہے لیکن
غیرِ خدا سے آس بھی کیا ہے
تم کیوں میرے ہو نہیں جاتے
دل تم کو ہی مانگ رہا ہے
ساری غزلیں درد بھری ہیں
درد کہاں سے تُو لایا ہے
نام خُدا کا سو جا صادق
کس نے تجھے جگا رکھا ہے
Islam has this faith that everything of the universe, small or big has come into existence with the will, power, method and knowledge of Allah. Fate is the attribution of Allah, which is the truth. It is the condition to have belief of this faith. Since, faith is the attribution of Allah and it’s impossible for anyone to know the extent of godly attributions, so the issue of fate is delicate and precise. One must only have the faith that whatever is happening in the world was already in the knowledge of Allah and god has already saved it on the safe tablet. The dilemma of fate has not been solved by anyone and it will never be solved. There must be a simple faith that whatever is happening in the world has already known by Allah as the Creator of everything is God and everything has come into existence with His creation. All the matters happening in the world are of two kinds. In some of them the will and authority is prevail. In these matters which are to be done which are not to be done orders of their execution or prohibition are given. If they are not performed because of will and authority, there will be accountability for them. Secondly, all those works which have the order of not to be performed, it is necessary not to perform them with one’s will and authority. If those works are not avoided, one must be accountable for them. There are some other works which do not involve our will and authority so, whatever happens is according to our fate. The works having our will and authority for performance will be rewarded and punished accordingly. This study explores the reasons of grief, shock, discernment and difficulties, their reasons and motives in the light of teaching of The Holy Prophet.
The nonlinear optical phenomena and quantum confinement effects in the group II-VI semiconductors make them a potential candidate for use in solar cell and photovoltaic applications. The effects of composition and processing parameters on structure, morphology and optical properties of the group II-VI thin films and nanostructures have been studied. Nano-crystalline Cd1-xZnxS (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) thin films have been deposited through the closed spaced sublimation and Sol-gel techniques. The samples have been characterized through X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, UV-Visible absorption and Photoluminescence measurements. The samples deposited through the sublimation process exhibited larger crystallite size for intermediate compositions. For the samples deposited through the Sol-gel process, crystallite size was independent of the composition. The band gap inversely followed the crystallite size of the thin films. The band gap varied between 2.36 eV to 3.22 eV and 2.75 eV to 3.89 eV for Cd1-xZnxS thin films fabricated through sublimation and Sol-gel process respectively. Cd1-xZnxS (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) thin films prepared through sublimation revealed strong excitonic and phononic behavior compared with deposited through the Sol-gel process. The effect of vacuum annealing has been studied on CdZnS thin films annealed at 300 oC and 400 oC for two hours. New diffraction peaks along (002) and (103) planes and a decrease in substitution disorder have been observed after vacuum annealing. The band gap and Stoke‟s shift energies increased while the Photoluminescence peaks blue shifted with vacuum annealing. Thin films of CdS1-xSex have been fabricated through Sol-gel process. The XRD peaks shifted towards lower angles and lattice strain decreased by an increase in selenium concentration. The band gap energy showed a strong dependency on the lattice strain. Band gap decrease from 2.82eV to 1.7eV following the reduction in lattice strain. Longitudinal optical plus acoustic phonon mode peak emerged and the intensity of 2LO peak decreased by the increase in selenium concentration. A multi-band photoluminescence emission has been observed owing to Se dependent deeper accepter levels in nano-crystalline CdS1-xSex thin films. One-dimensional Cd1-xZnxS (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) nanostructures have been synthesized through the sublimation technique using Au as a seed layer. Their morphology changed from nanowires to nano-ribbons and band gap increased from 2.38 eV to 3.54 eV with Zinc concentration. An increase in Zinc concentration has been observed at higher substrate temperatures. The Stoke‟s shift energy raised from 45 meV to 302 meV and a blue shift of 53 meV in emission energy has been observed as substrate temperature increased from 510 oC to 550 oC. The low-temperature and time-resolved photoluminescence response of CdZnS nanostructures has been examined. The single-crystalline CdZnS nanostructures exhibited bi-exponential excitonic decay with an average lifetime of 2.56 ns and 4.11 ns, respectively. For single isolated nanostructures, emission band systematically shifted towards the higher-energy and defect-related lower energy emission peak disappeared with a decrease in nanostructure width. The detrimental effect of low temperature Photoluminescence measurements have been observed in individual nanostructures. The results from our study showed that CdZnS nanostructures could be potential candidates for nanostructure based optoelectronics and photovoltaic devices.