ابن تیمیہ متفرد کیوں؟ اسباب و علل کاتجزیاتی مطالعہ A Research Review of the Reasons of Ibn Taymiyya’s Distinctions

Ibn Taymiyya is known as a controversial figure due to his differences. Most of the scholars have differed with him on most of the jurisprudential and principled issues. There are many reasons for Ibn Tamiya’s differences. The difference between intellect and its use is the most important, that is, the way of thinking. The jurisprudential ability and competence that elevated him to the status of ijtihad was a result of uniqueness in ijtihad and jurisprudence. Disagreements can be caused by the circumstances of that era and the behavior of the people of that era. All the principles and their preferred methods based on which he solved jurisprudential and doctrinal issues and all the reasons why he disagreed with a section of the ummah and the ummah know these differences in the form of the differences of Ibn Taymiyya. It is very important that his jurisprudential insight and ijtihad efforts be revealed, although in many issues the majority of the scholars of the ummah have disagreed with him and their opinion differs from the great taste. Ibn Tamiya’s method of inference in jurisprudential and principled issues and the principles by which he formed an opinion on an issue and on what basis he preferred principles in solving problems are the key issues that will be discussed in the following article.

Management Practices to Enhance Yield and Quality of Autumn Potato Solanum Tuberosum L. Crop

Three experiments were conducted at Horticulture Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, during autumn seasons in 2014-15 and repeated in 2015-16. The first experiment on planting depth (10, 15 and 20 cm), planting dates (October 01, 15 and 29) with mulch and without mulch (control) using potato as test crop was conducted at field conditions. Results indicated that maximum emergence (%), aerial stems plant-1, number of leaves plant-1, number of small size tubers plant-1, number of medium size tubers plant-1, number of large size tubers plant-1, total tuber yield (t ha-1), marketable tuber yield (t ha-1), and dry matter content (%) were recorded during 2015 as compared to 2014. Maximum physiological disorders (%) and survival (%) were noted during 2014-15. Delay sowing promoted number of small size tubers plant-1, while plant height, number of leaves plant-1, medium size tubers plant-1, large size tubers plant-1, total tuber yield (t ha-1), marketable tuber yield (t ha-1), dry matter content (%) and starch content (%) were higher at early sowing and decreased with delay in sowing. Delay sowing also increased mortality of plants. The effect of planting depth was also significant. Planting depth of 15 cm significantly increased emergence (%), number of aerial stems plant-1, plant height (cm), number of leaves plant-1, number of medium size tubers plant-1, large size tubers plant-1, total tuber yield (t ha-1), marketable tuber yield (t ha-1), while number of small size tubers plant-1 was lower in 15 cm depth. Mulching significantly increased emergence (%), number of aerial stems plant-1, plant height (cm), number of leaves plant-1, number of medium size tubers plant-1, large size tubers plant-1, total tuber yield (t ha-1), marketable tuber yield (t ha-1), dry matter content (%) and starch content but decreased in number of small size tubers plant-1. As for as interactions are concerned majority of the yield and quality parameters showed best results in early sown plants (October, 01) at a depth of 15 cm with mulching than late sown plants at 20 cm depth without mulching. The second experiment was “to study the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) (0, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mML-1) on production and quality of autumn potato crop sown at different dates as mentioned above. Concerning sowing dates, early planting produced maximum plant height (cm), number of leaves plant-1, number of medium size tubers plant-1, number of large size tubers plant-1, total tuber yield (t ha-1), marketable tuber yield (t ha-1), survival (%), dry matter content (%) and starch content (%). Salicylic acid (SA) @ 1.5 mML-1 significantly increased number of leaves plant-1, number of medium size tubers plant-1, number of large size tubers plant-1, total tuber yield (t ha-1), marketable tuber yield (t ha-1), survival (%), dry matter content (%) and starch content (%), with decreased in number of small size tubers plant-1. Interaction between swing dates and SA revealed that early sowing with the application of 1.5 mML-1 SA have significantly increased all the yield and quality parameters.