لے سانس بھی آہستہ
’’لے سانس بھی آہستہ‘‘مشرف ذوقی کا اکیسویں صدی میں لکھا گیا ایک بہت بڑا ناول ہے جو حلال و حرام کی تمیز، جائز و ناجائز کو ایک الگ نظرسے دیکھتے ہوئے ایک الگ مقام پر لے جاتا ہے۔اس ناول کو پڑھتے ہوئے قاری نفسیاتی الجھن کا شکار ہو جاتا ہے۔کیونکہ اس میں کچھ ایسی باتوں کو جو معاشرے میں کبھی بھی گفتگو کا درجہ حاصل نہیں کرتیں اور پس پردہ سر اٹھا کر دم توڑ دیتی ہیں، وجود ختم ہو جاتا ہے اور خلش باقی رہ جاتی ہے اور اسی خلش کو انسان اپنے اندر دبائے خود بھی دنیا سے رخصت ہو جاتا ہے۔ان باتوں کو اسے قلم بند کرنا کافی مشکل رہا ہو گا کہ کس طرح ایک مہذب انسان اخلاقیات کی دیوار کو گرا دیتاہے اور تمام تر حدوں کو پس پشت ڈال کر رستہ تبدیل کرنے پر مجبور ہو جاتا ہے۔ مشرف ذوقی کے ناول میں ایک الگ ہی دنیا آباد ہے۔جہاں تہذیب ختم ہو رہی ہے یا اس کا انداز بدل رہا ہے اور دنیا میں کیا کیا مسائل ابھر رہے ہیں وہاں مصنف نے اس المیہ کو واضح کیا ہے کہ انسان جتنی بھی ترقی کرلے بے شک ترقی کی جدوجہد کو پار کرتا ہوا زندگی کی ہر خواہش کو پورا کر لے پھر بھی وہ اپنے اندر کے جانور کو ختم نہیں کر سکتا۔بات یہاں یہ سامنے آتی ہے کہ کیسی ترقی، کس کی ، کہاں کی ترقی، جب انسان اپنے اندر کا جانور ہی ختم نہیں کر پایا۔مصنف نفسیات کی اہمیت پر زور دیتے ہوئے نظر آتا ہے اور بتاتا ہے کہ ایک فکشن نگار تب تک ایک اچھا فکشن قطعی تخلیق نہیں کر سکتا جب تک وہ انسان کی سائیکی پرگرفت نہ کر لے۔ انسان کے سماجی روابط اورنفسیات کا...
The present day global community is confronted with several challenges, absence of peace being the biggest one. The UNO and other regional organizations strive hard to achieve this goal. Unfortunately the world is far from achieving the goal of ensuring peace. It is also a fact that in most cases the Muslim world is in turmoil and it is involved or has been involved in one way or another. In order to find out the real causes of unrest, it is imperative to analyze the situation from academic, political, economic and social aspects. This article deals with first aspect i.e. The academic. It has three parts, in the first part importance of peace has been elaborated in the light of the Quran and the Sunnah. In the second part, importance of peace treaties of the Prophet (PBUH), and one of His successors Umar, the second Caliph, has been brought in to focus. The issue that the foreign policy of Islamic State is based on perpetual peace has been discussed in this part. While in the third part those obstacles have been discussed which have caused to damage the peace process in the world.
Due to increased proliferation of sensitive loads in the distribution network, voltage sags, swells and phase jumps mitigation has become the focus of power quality (PQ) research. This reduces its adverse economical impact. Equipment sensitivity curve shows that small duration outage of one-cycle is tolerable for sensitive loads. Therefore, the control system should be capable for voltage sag detection and mitigation in less than 20 ms at 50 Hz. There are various custom power devices for protecting industrial processes against voltage sags. Due to simple control, fast response and fewer transients; dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is investigated in this research work. Several voltage-sourced converter (VSC) control strategies for the DVR are proposed to maintain constant load voltage for smooth and clean power delivery to the load. A new leading series voltage injection (LSVI) technique is presented as a first strategy for the mitigation of sag. A mathematical model of LSVI by a DVR for voltage sag mitigation has been developed. Simulation results have been obtained to validate the developed model. Conventionally, distributed generation (DG) source is connected in parallel with utility to share load and export its excess power to utility. A new concept of power export through series connection of DG supported DVR is presented, whose power export capability is managed by magnitude of injected voltage as well as its phase-angle instead of the current. However, the approach for mitigating voltage sag using LSVI scheme is suitable for those locations where the phase-shift in the voltage will not cause any problem. A feed-forward VSC control strategy for the DVR is then presented, based on unipolar SPWM switching strategy. This is a novel but a simple control strategy in which the VSC not only converts DC to AC but also mitigates voltage sags, swells and phase jumps in the utility voltage, acting as power flow controller. Comparison of instantaneous utility voltage and generated three-phase reference voltage is carried out to detect sags, swells and phase jumps in the utility voltage. It then generates appropriate switching signals for the VSC of DVR to mitigate them.With the help of proposed control scheme of DVR, the dynamic capability of DVR increases the sensitive load penetration in the distribution system. LSVI control uses leading series voltage injection technique whereas a feed-forward method of compensation uses in-phase injection to regulate the load voltage. The magnitude of injected DVR voltage is minimal in in-phase injection compensation strategy. However, the presented power export concept is valid only for the LSVI scheme. The simulation for the presented control strategies have been performed using SimPowerSystemsTM tool box of MATLAB®. The proposed control strategies detect utility disturbances and mitigate them within half-cycle against a target of one-cycle. These strategies succeed in keeping load voltage THD limit within 5%.