علاج معالجہ اور دم کی شرعی حیثیت

Islam lays much stress on the physical, spiritual and metal health of human beings. For the spiritual wellbeing of mankind Allah sent the Prophets and revealed divine books. The process of physical cure is called Tababat. Although it stands for the physical cure but is used as a spiritual cure as well. Five different methods of cure are found in the traditions of our Prophet  (SAAW) and these have been discussed in this article. Whether a person should go for remedy of disease or not, both of these views are found in Ahadith, which is apparently a contradiction. In the following article an attempt has been made toreconcile these apparently different views. The views of Islamic Scholars have also been mentioned regarding this issue. Different methods of cure remained in use in different periods of time that have also been analyzed in this article. The prohibition and permission of the use of spiritual methods of cure such as Dumm, Ta’weez and magic have also been discussed and an attempt has also been made to find the reasons of two different existing extremes in Muslim nation regarding this matter.

The Role of Professional Development Teachers Pdt in Whole School Development Programme

Recently, the majority of literature on school effectiveness and school improvement, has tend to focus on whole school issues and whole school approaches to improve students' outcomes. The idea of whole school improvement approach was emerged after long time researches on the reasons of failure of different school improvement projects that worked in piecemeal, and in fragmented approaches to school reform. Meanwhile, researchers continue to pursue better understandings of how, whole school improvement can be achieved in order to foster the improvement of schools as per the students, outcomes. Reflecting on these international efforts, it is surprisingly that little is known about how external facilitators facilitate play a major role and use activities when working with schools, what challenges they face and which strategies they use. This research study explored, complexity of the role of professional development teachers (as external facilitators) by presenting case study of the role of PDTs in the whole school improvement programme, in the northern area Pakistan. This research paper describes the strategies and activities used by PDTs when working with the schools. Further, this research study discusses some outcomes of the work of PDTs after one year of intervention. Furthermore, this research study identified some of the factors that restricted or supported the role of the PDTs in both government and community school context. Lastly, there are suggestions and recommendations, which needs to be worked on, for the improvement, of the work of PDTs in facilitating the whole school improvement programme. Though the research conducted on the northern area of Pakistan, the findings are mostly applicable to the context of the developing countries. The contextual realities such as lack of resources, unavailability of fund and cultural barriers are few factors affecting the school improvement program, throughout the developing countries.