آہ! مولانا ضیاء الدین اصلاحی ؒ
دارالمصنفین کے ناظم اور معارف کے مدیر جناب مولانا ضیاء الدین اصلاحی ۲؍ فروری ۲۰۰۸ء کی صبح کو اپنے خالق حقیقی کے حضور پہنچ کر اس کی رحمت سے جاملے لیکن اپنے پیچھے دارالمصنفین کے ہر فرد بلکہ در و دیوار کو روتا، بلکتا چھوڑ گئے، شبلی و سلیمان کا یہ گلشن ویرانی کی تصویر بن گیا، اس جہاں علم و دانش کی روح بھی جیسے ان کی موت کے ساتھ رخصت ہوگئی اور سچ یہ ہے کہ علامہ شبلیؒ، مولانا سید سلیمان ندویؒ، مولانا شاہ معین الدین ندویؒ اور سید صباح الدین عبدالرحمانؒ کی قابل فخر روایات کی مسند اور بزم جس شمع سے روشن تھی، ایک حادثے نے اس کو گل کردیا، اِنا ﷲ وَاِنا اِلیہ رَاجِعونْ۔
مولانا اصلاحی ۳؍ جنوری کو سفر حج سے واپس آئے تھے اور بالکل چاق چوبند اور صحت مند تھے، یکم فروری کو وہ اپنی اہلیہ کے ہمراہ ایک عزیز سے ملنے کے لئے سرائے میر کے قریب موضع کھریواں کے لئے قریب ساڑھے نو بجے صبح روانہ ہوئے، جمعہ کا دن تھا، خطبہ اور نماز پڑھانے کے لئے مجھے تاکید فرمائی، عین نماز جمعہ سے پہلے یہ خبر ملی کہ ان کی جیپ حادثہ کا شکار ہوگئی ہے اور وہ صدر اسپتال میں زخمی حالت میں لائے گئے ہیں، نماز کے فوراً بعد ان کے تمام متعلقین اسپتال پہنچے، وہ سراپا زخمی تھے، ان کی اہلیہ بھی زخمی تھیں، لیکن ہوش میں تھیں، مشورے کے بعد وہ ایک مقامی سرجن ڈاکٹر فرقان کے ہسپتال میں لائے گئے، خون بہت زیادہ نکل چکا تھا، خون دیا گیا اور پھر مناسب سمجھا گیا کہ ان کو فوراً بنارس کے بی ایچ یو ہسپتال میں منتقل کیا جائے، وہاں کچھ ضروری ٹسٹ ہوئے، دوائیں بھی دی گئیں لیکن افاقے کے آثار نہیں تھے، صبح کا...
Qara’in - usually translated as circumstantial evidence - is a derived form of Arabic word " " قر ن which literally means a fact associated or accompanied with an event or circumstances. But when an event or circumstances discloses such associated or accompanied fact then such a fact becomes circumstantial evidence. Both proto-juristic and modern legal terms held circumstantial evidence for an evidence which is offered to prove certain attendant circumstances from which the existence of the fact at issue may be inferred. In Islamic Law, majority of jurists do not endorse Qara’in as an authoritative evidence, particularly, in offences leading to corporal punishments. On the other side, Ibn Farhun from Malikites and Ibn Qayyem from Hanbalites terms it equal to the direct evidence of Iqrar and Shahadah. It is not very strange that Dr. Anwarullah, a prominent Muslim scholar and Prof. Robert Preach are of the opinion that circumstantial evidence is, after all, more authentic even than the aforesaid two evidences. Herbert Broom- a western legal expert- also says that certain hidden facts can be deducted from the mode of a relevant act or to some extent it is modus operandi which gives birth to a circumstantial evidence. In this shortened article the juristic opinion of some early and contemporary legal experts has been discussed as to judge the legal mode and authenticity of circumstantial evidence.
In this study, ten new series of triorganotin(IV) derivatives of carboxylates have been synthesized in a result of reaction between tri-organotin(IV) chlorides or tri-organotin(IV) hydroxides with carboxylate ligands of highly active and renound medicines of famous family of quinolones, flouro quinolones and few other such drugs in dry toluene. The ligands (HL1-HL10) used themselves very famous for their activities against most of the bacterial and fungal strains. The mode of coordination of these ligands, structural confirmation and geometric assignments of all the synthesized complexes (1-60) both in solid and liquid states were checked, using various analytical techniques in combination such as FT-IR, multinuclear (1H, 13C and 119Sn) NMR, CHNS analysis, mass spectrometry, TGA-DSCand single crystal X-ray analysis. On the basis of these results, most of the ligands appeared to coordinate to Sn atom through carboxylate moiety except thiobenzoic acid due to the formation of dimer. The trimethyltin (IV) and tributyltin(IV) derivatives posses trigonal bipyramidal geometry both in solid and solution state while triphenyltin(IV) have shown tetrahedral geometry specially due to bulky nature of phenyl groups. The binding/interaction of newly synthesized compounds with SS-DNA was checked by UV-visible Spectroscopic technique and on the basis of viscosity measurement method in the presence and absence of complexes. A hypochromic effect along with obvious bathochromic shift (red shift) was seen in UV studies. These are the clear indications of intercalation mode of interaction. The complex-DNA adduct was formed with great spontaneity as does indicated by the negative values of ∆G for all the evaluated complexes. These results were also well supported by complex-DNA intercalation when checked by viscosity measurement method. All of the newly synthesized complexes were also checked in terms of their antibacterial and antifungal behaviour against several different medically important bacterial and fungal strains whose culture were already prepared and was taken from market. All of the new triorganotin (IV) derivatives have shown significant antibacterial and antifungal activities, more than their respective ligands. Furthermore, most of the newly synthesized compounds were found to have fair antimicrobial activities comparable to the reference drugs. These observations gave the idea that most of these compounds may potentially be used as effective antibacterial and antifungal agents in the coming future. The antitumor and anticancer behaviour of the representative complexes were very positive especially when antitumor agent not only could serve for the treatment of tumors but also can act as a potential source of chemo protective agent which was the worst challenge for all the chemists who are presently working in the field of medicinal synthesis. The leishmaniocidal activities of few of the synthesized compounds were also evaluated and it was found that some of the compounds have shown strong antileishmanial activities. Therefore, the results demonstrated that these synthesized complexes can potentially be used as a new source of novel agents for the effective treatment of leishmaniasis.