الاصابہ فی تمییز الصحابہ میں نماز و روزے سے متعلقہ روایاتِ اَحکام کا تحقیقی جائزہ Research Review of the Traditions of Rulings on Prayer and Fasting in Al-Aṣābah Fī Tamīz al-Ṣaḥābah

The book “Al-Aṣābah Fī Tamīz al-Ṣaḥābah” is a famous book of Ibn Ḥajar ‘Asqalānī on the life and contribution of the Companions. This book is quoted as a reference to decide the status of companions. It would not be wrong to call it the encyclopedia of the companions of the Holy Prophetﷺ. Apart from its status as a reference book regarding the companions this book encompasses the Seerah of Holy Prophet in a detailed and well composed manner. The distinction of the book is not hidden from the experts of science and research. In the book and other similar books, the life of the companions was discussed and the biography of the Prophet ﷺwas also described, but another aspect that remained unexplored in these books is the virtues and commandments mentioned in it. There are also narrations about virtues. In this paper the researcher has evaluated the Hadiths related to prayer and fasting that are narrated in Al-Aṣābah Fī Tamīz al-Ṣaḥābah. The evaluation comprises of authenticity of narrators and text, narrators’ mutual association or disassociation and the final decree about the authenticity of a hadith in the light of all available evidences.

The Effect of Moderated Mediation of Affective Commitment and Tenure on Proactive Work Behaviour: Role of Individual and Situational Antecedents

This research examines the impact of psychological contract breach (PCB) and organizational climate (OC) on the affective commitment and the effect of commitment on the proactive work behaviour of employees in four different sectors of Karachi, Pakistan. The study looks into affective commitment as performing the role of a mediator in linking PCB and climate with proactive work behaviours. The research also observes the moderation of tenure between the two links. The model is evaluated through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) through AMOS. In Pakistan, no such research has been taken up to observe the links between situational and psychological antecedents with proactive behaviour of employees. The present research makes an effort to fill this gap. Results of the research indicate that psychological contract breach (PCB) is inversely related to affective commitment while positive influence exists between organizational climate and affective commitment. Also affective commitment has a direct positive influence on proactive work behaviours. Psychological contract breach has full mediation while organizational climate has partial mediation effects on proactive work behaviour through affective commitment. Besides these variables, tenure also turned out to be a strong moderator of these links and thus moderated mediation tend to occur in the data set, the model is a good fit and it is significant. The findings support affective commitment as the mediator in the relationships between psychological contract breach, organizational climate with proactive work behaviour. The results provide guidelines and significant implications to help top managers and HR department to better understand and critically look into the current organizational climate and psychological contract created between the immediate manager and subordinate for increasing affective commitment and subsequently increasing proactive work behaviours. Furthermore, this study helps inEffect of Moderated Mediation on Proactive Work Behaviours 7 enriching the current body of knowledge on proactive behaviours in developing countries. Future studies should examine other antecedents like organizational citizenship behaviour and perceived organizational support to have a holistic approach. Replication of this study in other settings is also suggested.