Association of COVID-19 with obesity Association of COVID-19 with obesity

COVID-19 is a disease that cause respiratory illness due to novel corona virus. It was reported to WHO on December 31,2019 for the first time. The outbreak of this disease started from Wuhan city, China. Now COVID-19 pandemic is spreading worldwide mostly in Europe and North America, these regions have high prevalence of obesity. In the pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease, obesity assumes a significant job. Theinsusceptible framework, which is official in the pathogenesis of COVID19, assumes asignificant job in weight instigated fat tissue aggravation. In the fat tissue the irritationbrings about metabolic brokenness conceivably prompting dyslipidemia, type 2diabetes mellitus, insulin obstruction, hypertension and cardiovascular sickness. Obesity has been expanded the vulnerability to contaminations. In this pandemic, a large number of obese individual with Covid-19 are reported. Infection rate in obese is greater due to poor immunity, comorbidity and inadequate nutritional needs. Statistical analysis showed that about 41.7% patients reported in New York city were obese. Whereas 40% obese have been reported in United State of America with Covid-19. A report from UK indicated that 38% obese were admitted in ICU with Covid-19. According to Chinese researchers, obese individuals are 3-timesmore prone toward the development of Covid-19. So recent analysis indicated that obesity is the major risk factor of Covid-19. In COVID-19, overweight and obese patients have high danger of metabolic difficultiesand eternal infections that stoutness works. More nutrition care is required for such patients. As nutrition is a key factor for keeping up human wellbeing, for example, denseimpervious framework and satisfactory admission of supplements and dietaryenhancements. Tolerant with COVID-19 create contamination from slight to seriousindications bound to the dietary status. Consequently, assessing wholesome status ofindividuals with contamination turns out to be increasingly significant. Through dietaryhelp, we can bring down the danger of oxidative pressure, infection contamination andexpands invulnerability framework among obese people especially.

Some Aspects of Modified Gauss Bonnet Gravity

This thesis deals with some cosmic aspects in the context of modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity. Firstly, we explore static spherically symmetric wormhole solutions in galactic halo region as well as using conformal Killing vectors technique. The effective energymomentum tensor leads to the violation of energy conditions while normal matter satisfies these conditions. We use Navarro-Frenk-White energy density profile to examine possible existence of traversable wormholes in galactic halo region. We find physically acceptable wormhole solutions threaded by normal matter for all values of r. We also investigate stability of the resulting wormhole solutions. For conformally symmetric traversable wormholes, it is found that all shape functions satisfy flaringout condition except phantom case with non-static conformal symmetry. Secondly, we study the dynamics of self-gravitating objects for spherical and axial systems. We construct structure scalars through orthogonal splitting of the Riemann tensor and deduce a complete set of equations governing the evolution of dissipative anisotropic fluid in terms of these scalars. In spherically symmetric system, we investigate some particular fluid models according to various dynamical conditions and find that our results are consistent with general relativity for constant f(G) model. Any other choice of the model leads to irregular distribution of dark energy and deviates from general relativity. We also explore different causes of density inhomogeneity which turns out to be a necessary condition in the presence of dark sources. In axially symmetric system with shear, it is found that dark sources affect thermodynamics of the system, evolution of kinematical quantities as well as density inhomogeneity. For the shear-free case, we study both non-geodesic as well as geodesicfluids with and without dissipation. The non-geodesic (non-dissipative) fluid gives inhomogeneous expansion while geodesic fluid leads the system either to vorticityfree or expansion-free. The vorticity-free non-dissipative geodesic fluid reduces the axial system to FRW model with homogeneous distribution of dark sources while expansion-free geodesic fluid does not exist even in the presence of dark sources.