اسلام ميں حسن اخلاق کی فضيلت اور اہميت

Mannerism deals with inner-self and or how to achieve goals in life. It brings harmony in physical and spiritual attributes of a person. As Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was an excellent example due to His apparent and spiritual moral values that is why The Holy Quran and Hadith direct the society and individual to follow Him. Islam is based on moral values and wishes for a society where people live at individual and community level is having its basis on moral values and spiritualism depicted by the divine teaching. Islamic system preaches good moral values and indicates ways to get saved from ill-mannered behavior. An individual with good moral values reflects good faith and blessings from Allah. Islam promoted a sense of responsibility and fear of the Day of Judgment with Love to Allah in such a way that all the life of an individual was converted to a prayer. This spirit affected all the aspects of individual and society life. This article guides us to understand those moral values.

Modeling the Impact of Climate Change on Seed Cotton Gossypium Hirsutum L. Yield in Punjab, Pakistan .

Climate change and its impact on crop productivity is a burning issue of the day .according to predictions of international panel on climate change (IPCC) and Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) these changes are taking place very rapidly on global level and affecting crop productivity. Their predictions are based on long term past climate data analysis with the help of general circulation models (GCMS).The aim of present study was to calibrate and validate CSM-Crop-Grow Cotton Model in DSSAT V 4.0.2. to simulate development, growth, and yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L) under increased CO 2 concentration, elevated temperatures and varying rainfall scenarios. For these purpose field trials at three locations were conducted with two sowing dates, four cotton cultivars and four nitrogen levels with split-split plot design having three replications during year 2005 and 2006. The data on phenology, growth and yield were recorded and used for model calibration during 2005 (Genetic co-efficient of four cotton cultivars were determined).The model was then validated with independent set of data collected during year 2006 with same set of coefficient, long term past historic climate data of three locations (1974-2006), soil and crop management data used as input data for model and environmental modification sub menu of seasonal tool selected various climate change scenarios viz current i-e no change in environment. Elevated temperatures of + 0.9 O C and 1.8 O C, increased concentrations of CO 2 from 360 ppm to 550 ppm with no change in rainfall and increased / decreased 3% , 6% levels of rainfall expected in 2025 & 2050. The results indicated that model successfully simulated 80-90 % crop phenology and growth and 90-98 % yield accurately at various sites and can be used as reliable agronomic tool for strategy management in future. The elevated CO 2 levels would effect cotton crop growth and yield positively on all locations. Climate change analysis indicated strong influence of temperature on cotton production in Punjab, Pakistan. The yield will be substantially decreased with increasing temperature 1.8 O C and the effect was more severe at xviiilocations like Sahiwal. Increasing or decreasing 6% rainfall would affect cotton growth and yield negatively and drastic yield reductions were observed from the current. Selection of suitable cultivar, changing sowing time and nitrogen application are helpful in mitigation of adverse effects of changed climate of 2025-2050. Dominance analysis of different planting dates and cultivars at various locations suggested that 60 days early sowing of cotton crop from current at Faisalabad and Sahiwal with cultivar SLH-284, N applied @ 200 kg ha -1 is the best choice under changed climate scenarios (2050) whereas cultivar CIM -506 with nitrogen rate of 200 kg ha -1 out yielded all other cultivars when sown 15 days late from current at Multan location under changed climate scenario of 2050.