سیرت طیبہ کی تشریعیاتی حیثیت کا تحقیقی و تاریخی مطالعہ A Research review of the legislative Status of the Sirah of Holy Prophet ﷺ

The deeds and actions of the Holy Prophet ﷺ is a practical interpretation of the Holy Qur'an. Allah Almighty has stated his Shari'ah in short but comprehensive words that “take what the Holy Prophet ﷺ has given you and which you forbid”. Therefore, his command is the command of Allah Almighty and not yours. That is why the Holy Qur'an has declared his obedience to be the obedience of Allah Almighty. And from the instructions of the selected scholars of the ummah, it is clear that the legislative status of The Sirah is authenticated. Allah Almighty has given him a special position of Shariah. As for the legislative status of Sira-e-Taiba, both the special and the general legislation are specific or special to him. Special legislation etc i.e. you have legislated for a specific person at certain times like accepting the condition of a person that he will convert to Islam if he prays only two prayers. The other person cannot join. The general legislation in which you have enacted all kinds of legislation for the common ummah is included. The center and axis of Islamic law is your caste. You have complete control over the status and sanctity, likes and dislikes as you like, for whom you can make Shariah whenever you want. It is as if you are a follower of the Shari'ah. He also has full authority in the brief description of the Qur'an, in the adherence to the Absolute, and the explanation of similarities. You are authorized to legislate as a Shari'ah and Shari'ah in all areas of worship, affairs, debates, and crimes. Therefore, in this article, the legislative status of His Sira-e-Taiba has been explained in the light of Qur'an and Hadith, Sahabah and Tabi'een, and the commandments of Imams and jurists.

Triple Gem Detector Electronics & Control System for Cms Forward Muon Upgrade

The European laboratory for nuclear research, (CERN) is the world''s largest par- ticle physics laboratory, having complex particle accelerators and detectors. The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is one of the two general purpose detectors in- stalled at Large Hadron Collider (LHC). After the discovery of Higgs Boson at the LHC in 2012, upgrade intended towards high luminosity in order tond the new particle which is believed to greatly extend the potential to study the properties of the Higgs Boson. High Luminosity LHC (HL LHC) conditions will severely a ect the performance of the CMS muon system and other detectors, especially in the very forward region where the magneticeld is low and the particle rate is high. Research and development topics/projects proposed by the CMS GEM Collabora- tion aimed to design, develop and test GE1/1 detectors, on-odetector electronic hardware architectures and detector control system (DCS), most suited to muon end-caps upgrade. Therefore, these three topics/projects were explored during this research and development work. First project included assembly and testing of the small and large GE1/1 detec- tors. The CMS high eta region requirements for muon detector were demanding in terms of particle rates and integrated charges. Research work reported in literature indicated that the Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) has relatively better capability to handle the huge particle rates. Originally it consisted of a thin composite sheet with two copper layers separated by a thin insulator and perforated by a regular matrix of holes. After extensive research and experimentation it was found out that the gain of existing GEM detector can be improved with the integration of three GEM foils in a single detector later named as Triple GEM. After several tests with small (10 X 10 cm2) and large sizes (9 X (22 - 44.5) cm2) GEM detector''s e ciency of 98% and 9 ns time resolution were achieved. For bulk production of GEM detectors, procedures and quality control steps were de ned, including gain uniformity, time resolution, spatial resolution and detector e ciency. This particular research and development work led to an on-odetector electronic hard- ware architectures development with the performance expected by the CMS GEM readout system that included timing resolution and e ciency. Sharing of data between DAQ and Detector Control System (DCS) is carried out using the Cross DAQ (xDAQ) software. The third project was aimed to develop new DCS for GE1/1 detectors. The cor- rect and safe operation of the GEM system required a sophisticated and powerful online DCS system. The GEM DCS is to monitor the detector conditions and per- formance, control and monitor all subsystems related to GEM and their electronics and store all the information in a dedicated database, called Conditional database. Therefore, the GEM DCS system has to assure the safe and correct operation of the sub-detectors during all CMS life time (more than 10 year), detect abnormal and harmful conditions and take corrective measures and automatic actions to minimize consequential damages. After an extensive research and development work a new DCS system was developed, connected with GEM detector and tested in the GEM assembly and quality assurance labs. The results obtained were saved in the conditional database for future analysis. Major challenges were to integrate di erent parts with each other and to put them in general CMS control system and linking the whole assembly to data acquisition framework. Finally, the entire research and development work led to the successful completion of design, development and testing of Triple GEM Detector''s Electronics and its Control System for CMS forward muon upgrade.