سیالکوٹ ایک تاریخی اور ادبی خطہ رہا ہے۔ اس کی تاریخ پانچ ہزار سال پر محیط ہے۔ سیالکوٹ تاریخی ، جغرافیائی ، ثقافتی،سماجی،تہذیبی،علمی اور ادبی لہاظ سے دوسرے عالمی ادبی شہروں سے کم نہیں۔سیالکوٹ کو اقبال و فیض کے مولد ہونے کا بھی لازوال فخر حاصل ہے۔ بقول گوپی چند نارنگ :
’’ بیسویں صدی کے اردو ادب کو سیالکوٹ کھا گیا نصف اوّل اقبال اور نصف دوم فیض‘‘۔
سیالکوٹ کی مٹی بڑی زرخیز اور مردم خیز ہے ۔ سر زمینِ سیالکوٹ نے علم و ادب اور فنونِ لطیفہ کے میدانوں میں گراں قدر خدمات سر انجام دی ہیں۔ داغ دہلوی اور اقبال کے کئی شاگرد سیالکوٹ کے رہنے والے تھے۔ اقبال و فیض کے علاوہ ارض اقبال میں متعدد مشاہیر پیدا ہوئے جن کے شعری و نثری سرمائے میں آ فاقی موضوعات ، اصناف اور اسالیب موجود ہیں۔ اس طرح خطہء سیالکوٹ کا تخلیقی ادب عالمی ادب کے ہم پلہ ہے۔ راقم الحروف نے اپنی تخلیق بعنوان’’ ارضِ اقبال ۔ آ فاقیت کے آ ئینے میں‘‘ سیالکوٹ سے منسلک مختلف شعرا و ادبا کی ادبی خدمات کا تحقیقی و تنقیدی جائزہ لیا ہے۔ یہ تحقیقی وتنقیدی جائزہ ادبی خدمات کے علاوہ ادبی رجحانات، ادبی اصناف، اسالیب اور اقبال شناسی کے حوالے سے بھی ہے۔
یہ تصنیف پندرہ مقالات پر مشتمل ہے ۔ جس میں حوالہ جات ، حواشی اور تعلیقات کا خاص خیال رکھا گیا ہے۔ یہ مقالات ہائر ایجوکیشن کمیشن اسلام آباد ،پاکستان کے منظور شدہ ریسرچ جرنلز میں شائع ہو چکے ہیں۔
ڈاکٹر نصیر احمد اسد
سیالکوٹ، پنجاب، پاکستان
The religion that the Prophet ﷺ brought is a complete religion, and its teachings are for every aspect of life whether it is political life or economic life, individual life or collective life, there are rare instances of his guidance. In the Islamic system, the issue of distribution of wealth has been given great importance. On the contrary, it seems that the whole economy is based on making this sector stable and fair. So that wealth does not accumulate in one place but circulate it through donations and gifts other than Zakat. One of the purposes of the donations of the Holy Prophet was to train the Companions. With the donations of the Holy Prophet, the concentration of wealth was eliminated, the pleasure of Allah was obtained, and the state was strengthened internally and externally Muslims became economically and socially prosperous. The Muslim Ummah needs it in the present age to adopt the highest aspect of the life of the Holy Prophet and should not accumulate wealth but should spend it in various ways on God's creation without any purpose. This paper focuses on the wisdom of gifts/Attiyaat of the Prophet ﷺ. Why the Prophet ﷺfeel the need of giving other than Zakat.
Education and health are the two important components of human capital. Education is a powerful instrument in reducing poverty, enhancing earnings, economic growth, empowering people, and promoting a healthy and flexible environment and creating competitive economy. It plays an important role in shaping the ways to become skilled and handle with the complexities of economic growth by the future generations. On the other hand health is a basic and key ingredient of human capital and an important determinant of economic growth. The main objective of this study was to examine the impact of education and health on the economic growth of Pakistan, using time series data from 1970-2010. To achieve this objective, the study was completed in different phases. In the first phase, a comprehensive literature review was carried out using standard sources and tools for the better understanding of theoretical and emperical aspects of the study. In the second phase secondary data were collected from the State Bank of Pakistan and World Development Indicators. A total of eight variables was selected for the study i.e. public spending on education and health, enrollment at primary, secondary and tertiary level, life expectancy and infant mortality rate. The collected data for these variables was analyzed using computer software EViews version 5. During data analysis different econometric techniques were applied to examine the stationarity of data and long run and the short run relationship between education, health and economic growth. For stationarity, long run and short run relationship Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Philips Perron (PP) tests, Engle Granger two step procedure, Auto Regressive Distributive Lags (ARDL) and Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) were used respectively. The validity of ARDL and ECM models was checked by Auto Correlation, Heteroscedasticity, Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity, and parameter stablity tests. The results of these tests confirmed that these models are best fitted. The findings of Augmented Dickey Fuller and Philips Perron tests show that all variable are unit root at level and stationary at first difference or co-integrated of order one. The results of Engle Granger two step procedure and ARDL tests confirmed that education, health and economic growth have a long run relationship whereas, Error iiCorrection Mechanism also confirmed their short run relationship. The results of linear regression show that education and health have a positive and significant impact on the economic growth of Pakistan. This study also found that education; health and economic growth are co-integrated and have a long run relationship. Health and education play a major and important role in determining the long run economic growth of Pakistan. The study confirmed that if government increases budget for education and health, more people will be educated which will result in more educated workers and resultantly more production. Similarly, it will also have a good impact on the health of the general public. The study suggests that the government of Pakistan should consider education and health sectors while formulating policies and must allocate sufficient budget for them.