دل کے آنگن پھول کھلا ہے
پیار کی جو خوشبو دیتا ہے
سب کے جھوٹ کو سچ کہتا ہے
دیکھو وہ کتنا بھولا ہے
نقش زمانے کے بھولے ہیں
ہم کو یاد بس اک چہرہ ہے
جب سے اس نے شہر ہے چھوڑا
سونا سونا ہر رستہ ہے
کیوں ہیں تیری باتیں کرتے
ہم کو جانے کیا ملتا ہے
گھور تھکن ہے جیون رہ میں
اور کتنا رستہ رہتا ہے
دیکھو ہر شاعر کے گھر کا
اُلٹا پُلٹا سب نقشہ ہے
اور تو کیا ہے عمر کی پونجی
یادوں کا بس اک بستہ ہے
During the period of total containment during the Covid-19 pandemic; our department became the sole treatment center for all surgical emergencies. The influx of many patients made the task very difficult for the surgeon. This is a 3-month descriptive prospective study in the visceral surgery department at the Analankininina Toamasina University Hospital Center. Of the 81 patients hospitalized during the study, 32 patients were admitted for digestive surgery emergency, i.e. 39.50%. The mean age was 34.87 years with a sex ratio of 1.66, predominantly male. Abdominal pain occupied 43.75% of the reason for consultation, the most frequent pathologies were acute intestinal obstruction (18.75%) and acute appendicitis (18.75%). An exploratory laparotomy is performed on 40.62% of patients. Many patients were operated on for proctologic emergency (18.75%). The average length of hospitalization is 4.18 days. The visceral emergencies are present despite the presence of the Covid-19 pandemic and the activities of the health personnel are uninterrupted.
Analysis of Thematic Progression Patterns in Burnt Shadows and The Cleft: A Comparative Study Thematic progression patterns play a pivotal role in creating not only coherence and cohesion in a text but also revealing thinking patterns of writers. The purpose of the present study was to investigate, identify and analyze thematic progression patterns to find out similarities and differences in thinking patterns of native and non-native writers. In this connection two novels, the Pakistani novel Burnt Shadows by Kamila Shamsie and the British novel The Cleft by Doris Lessing are selected for data collection and analyzed by applying revised model of Danes (1974) as proposed by McCabe (1999). The study is delimited to fifty paragraphs from each novel, however, all types of thematic progression patterns: constant themes, simple linear themes, derived themes, split rhemes and miscellaneous themes progression are calculated. Both Qualitative and Quantitative techniques are used for collection and analysis of data. The nature of the present study is descriptive and the specific method used is content analysis. By applying McCabe's model of thematic progression patterns, similarities and differences between the two novels and frequency of thematic progression patterns are found out. Keeping in view thematic progression patterns theory, the conclusion is based on similarities, differences and percentage. The findings of the study show that there are differences in the novelists hailing from two different countries. The study reveals that five types of theme progression patterns are different: constant themes representing the trait of descriptive texts, split rhemes progression shows the occurrence of gaps and breaks in both the novels. Similarly, derived themes representing the academic nature of the texts, which shows the psyche of the writer's, simple linear themes progression representing the trait of expository texts and miscellaneous themes progression, shows lack of cohesiveness in both the novels. To sum up, the study shows that thematic progression patterns are helpful in revealing thinking patterns of writers.