المبحث الخامس: الشوق للقاء الحبيب
قصيدة "أشواق و أحزان" لنازك الملائكة([1])
أین منّي حرارۃُ الأمسِ ، والحا
ضرّ یمشي بین الأسی والخمود ؟
آسفاً للماضي الإلھيّ ھل ما
تت أغان في فؤادي الوحید ؟
آہِ یا شاعري لماذا تھاوی
تِ بعیداً وراءَ أمسي البعیدِ ؟
وأنا لم أزل صلاۃً لعینَی
کَ وإعصار لھفۃٍ وشرودِ
آہِ ھل غابَ عن ظلام حیاتي
کلّ ما کان لھفۃً وفتونا ؟
کیف ضاع الحبُّ الإلھيّ یا طا
ئري الحرّ فانفجرت ظنونا ؟
وأنا لم أزلّ فؤاداً علی الشو
قِ يداري([2] ) غرامہُ المدفونا([3])
لیتني کنت بحتُ یا حُلمَ الرو
حِ وأعلنتُ حبّي المکنونا([4] )
کیف مرّت أیّامنا کیف مرّت
بین فکّ الأشواقِ والأحزانِ ؟
ملء قلبي وقلبکُ الحبُّ والشّوْ
قُ ولکن نلوذ بالکتمان
کلّما حدّثتکَ عیناي بالحبّ
أعاقبُ عینيَّ بالحرمانِ
کیف یا شاعري کتمنا ولم یَع
ص کیوبیدَ قبلنا عاشقانِ؟
کیف ضاعتُ عواطفي؟ کیف أنسَو
کَ غرامي وحیرتي ووفاءي؟
ملأوا قلبک النبیل أباطي
ل وصاغوا كواذبَ الأنباء
وقضیتُ الأیّام أذرف إحسا
...
Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) affects the cardiorespiratory systems by causing inflammation of the circulatory systems, hence, causing more cardiac complications in COVID-19 patients Objective: To observe the frequency of cardiac complications in COVID-19 patients during the second wave Methods: 235 COVID-19 patients presenting with cardiac complication to the Cardiology Department of Mayo Hospital, Lahore during 6 month periods of second wave of COVID-19 were included. Data regarding the medical history, age, gender was taken and the observed cardiac complication were noted Results: There were 76.6% male patients and 23.4% female patients. 56.2 % patients were already hypertensive, 37.9% were diabetic, 18.3% had familial history of cardiac diseases. The cardiovascular manifestations observed were, myocardial infarction (57.82%), 7.3% had angina, 21.3% had acute coronary syndrome and 12.3% had non ST elevation myocardial infarction. Conclusions: Our study suggests that there is a prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in COVID-patients which is a major concern as they are at increased risk for severe infection.
Partition of United Indiain the year 1947 was a phenomenal even to fideological proportion. More than any thing else,it was also a human tragedy resulting in the loss of millions of lives. As people migrated across the newly carved borders,an un precedented wave of ethnic violence destroyed their hopes offinding newer homes. The enormity of the impact of violence on the collectivesocial consciousness of the subcontinent was so much that a whole body of literature emanated which can betermedas“Partition Literature”.Fictional appropriationoftheincidenceofviolencehasbeenarecurrentmotifinnovelsandshort fiction. By that very fact,literary fiction based on partition,acts as one of the greatest reservoirs of the stories of violent events during partition. One of the great estpre occupation of Partition fiction is its engagement withthefigurationofvariedsituationsandcharactersas comingtotermswiththepsychologicalandideologicalrepercussionsofthegreatdivide. It is notsurprising,therefore,thatthefictional representationoftheviolenceproducedduring partitionsuchasmassmurder,arson,rape,mutilationofbodies,andotherviolentactsacross theborder,arecodifiedbygenderedreadings. However,whenitcomestomeasurethe magnitudeandenormityofloss,womenareconsideredtheworstvictimsoftheevent of partition.Inthisregard,thereadingsofpartitionliteraryfictionviewmenexclusivelyasthe activeexecutorsofviolentactsandwomenonlyasthepassivevictims.Inthisdissertation,I arguethattherepresentationofmenasvictimsofviolenceinPartitionfictionhasbeengiven acursoryandperipheral attention.Correspondingly, thisresearchattemptstoreadmenas victimsofviolenceasdepictedinpartitionfiction. Theintroductorychapterofthisresearchpresentsagenealogyofdifferentparadigms ofindigenousmasculinities. ChapterTwocoverstheemergingtheoreticaldebatesinWestern discourseonmasculinityanditsenrichingvalence forlocal andIndianmythology.Therefore, Icontextualizeadiscursiverangeofpatriarchal,mythical,andreligiousidealsinjectedinto theconsciousnessofmen.InChapterThree,Iarguethatmenbecomevictimsofviolence whentheyfeelboundtoanormativesetofmasculineidealsandpractice.Afailuretosuch performativeassignmentsmayleadtowardsthedisqualificationoftheirgenderedpotentials baggingforthemtitlessuchasunmanlyandemasculated.Theycannotescapethe consequencesofoptingoutpatriarchal idealswhichironicallylimittheirlives.Movingfurther inChapterFour,Ideconstructthemythofmalepowerupheldbythepatriarchal representationsoftheIndiansubcontinent;butinrealitydeflatedwithapersistentcolonial Syedaiii presence. ThecolonialreformulationoftheIndianidealsofmasculinitydis-empoweredthe Indianmen. Ascorollarytocolonial redefinitionofnativemaleinChapterFive,Iarguethat duringpartitionthemalebodyalsobecameasiteforsocio-political politics. Henceforth,in ChapterSix,Iconcludethatmenexperiencedtheemotionalandpsychological agonyand distressastheywere displacedduringthetumultuouseventsof1947. Inthisresearch,Ihaveemployed conceptsfromMasculinityStudiesandPostFeminismfortheoreticalanchorage.ThetextsincludenovelsentitledWhattheBody RemembersbyShaunaSingh,TamasbyBhishamSahni,TraintoPakistan,andDelhiby KhushwantSingh,CrackingIndiabyBapsiSidhwa,TheBrokenMirrorbyKrishnaBaldev Vaid,andSleepwalkersbyJoginderPaul.TheworksoftheMasculinists,R.W.Connell,John Beynon,WarrenFarrell,supportedbyJudithButler’sconceptoffluidgender,re-signification, andbodyasasite,endorsedbyFreudandLacan’sconcept offearofcastration,andfinally reinforcedbythetraumatheoriesbyJudithHerman,CathyCaruth,andNandiBhatia,helpthe analysisofdifferent formsofmalevictimization. Therefore,theresearchconcludesthatpartition(literary) fictionshowstheproblematic representationofmen’svictimizationwhichisseldom readforthefearofunveilingthe historical,political,andtheoreticaldiscoursesstrengtheninggenderstereotyping.Byputting anemphasisupontheshallownessoftheconceptofviolentnormativebehaviorinmenanda customarycodeofpatriarchal life,thisresearchexaminesthewaysinwhichthesemen struggletobeabletofulfilltheexpectationsofthesociety.Furthermore,theenforcedmodeof behaviouremasculatestheiridentityasamalegendertherebymakingthemasliableto violenceasanyothergender; afact alsooftenexternalizedbytheirbodiesturningintositesof violence.