مکی دور نبوت اور مسلم اقلیت کافقہ السیرۃ کی روشنی میں سماجی مطالعہ

The life of Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) is described as role model in Holy Quran for all the Muslims and known as Uswa.e. Hasna. So, the importance of the life history of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) in every period before prophet hood and as a prophet cannot be denied in any walk of life. But the makki period of the Prophet’s life has not enlightened in such a way as it has importance. Many aspects of makki period has been discussed in history and seerah writing but along with this a lot of aspects has been not given due importance in contemporary seerah writing. The basic sources of hadith o seerah provides lots of material on this aspect. In the makki period, Muslims were in minority and they had to face a lot of religious, social, economic and political issues in their lives. Now a days, in modern world majority of Muslims lives in western and non. Muslim societies and have to spend their lives as minority in that socities. In a state of minority, they have to face a lot of religious, social and economical issues in their lives. These problems can be solved in the light of seerah especially from the teachings of makki period, it can provide a lot of religious solutions in contemporary societies in a better way. This article will throw light on teachings of makki period and discuss the solutions of Muslim’s problems as minority in the light of fiqh. Ul. Seerah.

On Demand Electrical Power Load Management Service for Smart Meters Using Gsm Technology

Energy is one of the most fundamental components of daily life and plays a vital role in the growth of country’s economy. Due to recent severe energy crises in Pakistan, the government has started focusing on building new power generation plants. While the government of Pakistan has taken many initiatives for energy saving such as launched a campaign against power thefts, extended weekly holidays, banned advertising neon boards, early closure of public and private market places but the issues of theft control and power load management still remain unaddressed due to non-technical lossesand inappropriate management, timeworn electricity infrastructure, poor quality wires, poor management, bribery culture, appointment of non-technical staff, law & order situation, and mismanagement in electricity bill calculation. The some others reasons behind the severe electricity shortfall is to, identify, stop and control the electricity theft at consumer premises and to hunt individual consumers answerable for power theft. The irregular electricity shortfall also leads to many problems in a country for example: un-scheduled power short fall, high cost of electricity units and insufficient electric power load management. However, more recently, GOP introduced a smart electricity meter technology in various cities as pilot project and different electric power distribution companies have started to install General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) based smart meter system to control electricity thievery. But there has been no major progress in the control of electricity theft and efficient power load management for domestic, commercial and industrial consumers. Moreover, the existing installed smart meters have not produced desired results, such as an efficient electric power load management, theft prevention, and entertainment of power load request by consumers, provision of real time communication mechanisms among consumer, smart meter and EPC. Furthermore, Electric Power Company (EPC) don’t provide any means / service(s) which allow direct interaction between Smart Meter (SM), EPC and End Consumer (EC). This research addresses above challenges and proposes a system called On Demand Electrical Power Load Management Service (EPLMS) architecture for smart meters using GSM.