معافی نامہ
ذواالفقار علی بھٹو جیل میںبیٹھے کچھ لکھ رہے تھے کہ ڈپٹی کمیشنر سعید مہدی نے اندر داخل ہو کر سلام کیا ۔بھٹو نے اوپر کی طرف دیکھ کر پوچھا کیوں آئے ہو ؟سعید مہدی نے کہا سر معافی نامے کے کاغذات لایا ہوں اس پر دستخط کر دیں ۔بھٹو نے کاغذ اپنے ہاتھ میں لیے اور پوچھا یہ کس نے بھیجا ہے ۔سعید مہدی نے جواب دیا جنرل ضیاء الحق نے ۔بھٹو نے مسکراتے ہو ئے پوچھا مجھے جا نتے ہو ۔سعید مہدی نے جواب دیا ’’سر آ پ کو کون نہیں جانتا ۔آپ ذواالفقار علی بھٹو ہیں ۔بھٹو نے پوچھا میرے باپ کو جانتے ہو اس نے کہا سر بالکل سر شاہنواز بھٹو کو بھی سب جا نتے ہں ۔بھٹو نے اوپر دیکھ کر پوچھا جنرل ضیاء الحق کے باپ کو جانتے ہو سعید مہدی نے نفی میں سر ہلا کر no sirبھٹو نے اس اسے کاغذات واپس دیتے ہوئے کہا جا ئو اسے کہو جس کے باپ کا کچھ پتہ نہیں ذواالفقار علی بھٹو اس سے معافی کی درخواست کیسے کرسکتا ہے ۔
The position of poetry remained unchanged in Islam as it was before Islam, however with due some changes it was used as a weapon for the sake of Islam. This article will explain that how the poetry played a vital role in preaching of Islam. Islam absolutely encourages good wholesome poetry, which inspires one towards the fear of Allah, towards His awe and obedience, and towards anything that is good and made permissible by Allah and His Messenger (ﷺ). Following discussions are made in this article: Firstly Qur’anic views towards poetry; as the word poet came in Qur’an four times while the word poetry once. The total verses in which we see the word poetry are six. Secondly preaching of ethics through poetry; as we see that before Islam the Arab society was without any ethics, the Muslim poet called them for an exemplary life like of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) Using of Qur’anic notion in poetry. Thirdly the Qur’anic notion was used largely in the beginning of Islam, especially by Ḥassān bin Thābit, ʻAbdullāh Bin Rawāḥah, Kaʻb Bin Zubayr and Nābighah Al Jaʻdī etc. Fourthly Answer to non-believers through poetry; as Ḥassān bin Thābit did through his poetry, and answer to the opposition, which impacts more sharp than sword and lastly using of Poetry during the war; it was considered as one of the biggest source for encouraging towards holly wars, the example of Haḍrat Khansā is most prominent. The research article basically focuses upon the importance of poetry in Islam, moreover how the weapon of poetry has been used by Islamic poets for defending Islam and how Islamic poetry vastly used for spreading of golden teachings of Islam.
This dissertation is based on the exploration of the professional development practices of a school and of the role of the principal in ensuring the effective professional development of teachers. The study was carried in a higher secondary school in Karachi, Pakistan. The school might be considered as effective in terms of students' achievements at the Board Examinations. However, it would seem simplistic to attribute the school's success solely to the professional development of teachers. There is a combination of other factors, which were identified as contributing to school effectiveness. The study showed that there are many and varied professional development activities carried out in the school. But professional development is not only carried our through professional development courses or workshops. There are other areas, which can contribute to professional development such as appraisal (identification of teachers' professional development needs), reflective practice and Follow-up. The findings suggest that appraisal is used for two purposes in the school--for identification of teachers' professional development needs, and for evaluation of the teachers' performance. Reflective practice and Follow-up have not received essential attention in the school, and they are practiced on the irregular basis. The principal does a great deal to attempt to ensure effective professional development for his teachers. He encourages and supports professional development of teachers in a variety ways, but the absence of a planned and structured approach to professional development means that, professional development is not so effective as it might be. The study offers some recommendations to school and its principal, which may be useful for ensuring effective professional development. Among these are suggestions to prepare a structured plan of professional development of teachers in the school and to separate two kinds of appraisal. This report also includes the lessons I learned from the study. The findings of the study will be useful for me as a future teacher educator in my native context of Kyrgyzstan, as I found many similarities in organization of the professional development in both systems. I also learned some skills necessary for conducting qualitative research.