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Study of Heavy Ion Interactions Elastic and Inelastic Scattering

Thesis Info

Author

Khalida Samar

Department

Deptt. of Physics, QAU.

Program

Mphil

Institute

Quaid-i-Azam University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

1987

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

20

Subject

Physics

Language

English

Other

Call No: DISS/M.Phil PHY/55

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-02-19 12:33:56

ARI ID

1676716569028

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مولانا افضل حسین

مولانا افضل حسین
یکم جنوری ۱۹۹۰ء کو جماعت اسلامی ہند کے قیم مولٰینا افضل حسین صاحب کا انتقال ہوگیا ہے۔ اِنَّالِلّٰہِ وَاِنَّا اِلَیْہِ راجعُون۔
مولانا مرحوم حضرت مفتی عتیق الرحمان صاحب عثمانی ؒ کے خصوصی رفقاء میں سے تھے۔جب مجلسِ مشاورت کاقیام عمل میں آیاتھا اس وقت حضرت مفتی ؒ کے شانہ بشانہ مولٰینا افضل حسین بھی اس کی کامیابی کے لیے پیش پیش تھے۔ ہندوستان کے مسلمانوں کے ہر چھوٹے بڑے مسئلہ میں ان کی رائے کی اہمیت تھی۔ مولٰینا کاتعلق کئی مذہبی وتعلیمی تنظیموں سے رہا۔ بورڈ آف اسلامک پبلی کیشنز کے قائم مقام صدر تھے۔جس کے زیر اہتمام ہفت روزہ انگریزی ریڈئنس شائع ہوتا ہے۔ ملّت کے اس درد مند خادم رہنما کے انتقال سے ہم سب کوصدمہ ہواہے۔اﷲ تعالیٰ مرحوم کی مغفرت فرمائے اور متعلقین کو صبرجمیل عطا کرے ۔ آمین۔ [جنوری۱۹۹۰ء]

 

Relationship of Customer Relationship Learning to Service Quality of Regional Development Banks

This study aims to analyze the relationship between customer relationship learning and service quality at Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Timur Plc, Surabaya Region. This research uses quantitative methods with a descriptive research approach. The population was 1,329 savings customers in 10 locations of the Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Timur Plc network in the Surabaya region, representing the eastern, western, northern and southern regions of Surabaya with 307 respondents. The results showed that customer relationship learning had an effect on the quality of PT Bank Pembangunan's service. The area of East Java Plc in the Surabaya area, this shows that with a customer relationship learning strategy, it will be able to increase service quality. Service quality is the totality of the characteristics of goods and services that demonstrate its ability to satisfy customer needs.

Development and Performance Analysis Fo Key Agreement Schemes in Wireless Body Area Networks Wbans

A Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is formed by implanting tiny sensors on the human body in order to collect and communicate the human personal data. WBANs play an important role in mobile health monitoring such as monitoring the health of patients remotely. In order to take full advantage of WBANs in application scenarios such as healthcare, security and privacy must be ensured for inter-sensor communication in WBANs. The inter-sensor communication in WBAN is exposed to a variety of attacks, which pose major threats to its security. These threats can be overcome by using cryptographic techniques. Cryptographic schemes itself rely on good key agreement schemes. In WBANs, keys can be generated from biometrics i.e., Electrocardiogram (EKG), Electroencephalography (EEG), or finger prints. The advantage of using time variant biometrics i.e., EKG as a biometric for key agreement is that it possesses the properties of randomness and time variance. The keys produced from these biometric values also possess the same properties, and make it harder for an attacker to guess or regenerate the keys. The existing key agreement schemes are either computationally expensive or involve too much information exchange in order to complete the key agreement process. The increase in information exchange increases the communication complexity as well as the energy consumption. Similarly, some of the key agreement schemes are pre-loading based i.e., the keys are loaded into the memory of sensor nodes before deployment. Such schemes increase human involvement and also consume more memory and resources, which reduces the usability of the WBAN. This thesis aims to provide security and privacy solutions to WBANs, while keeping in mind the memory, energy, and processing constraints. The first contribution of this work is an electrocardiogram (EKG) based key agreement scheme using discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for the sake of generating common key in a WBAN. The scheme uses Keyed-Hashing Message Authentication Code (HMAC-MD5) to protect the personal information exchange process in a WBAN. A heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is considered, which consists of a powerful High-end sensor (H-sensor) and several Low-end sensors (L-sensors) in order to form a cluster. The proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of entropy, randomness of keys, and key repetition. The scheme shows better entropy, and generates highly random keys with no repetitions. The second contribution of this work is an energy-efficient key agreement scheme for WBANs, which takes into account available resources of a node during the whole life cycle of key management. The proposed scheme is a cluster-based hybrid security framework that supports both intra-WBAN and inter-WBAN communications. The cluster formation process itself is secured by using Electrocardiogram (EKG) based key agreement scheme. The performance comparison of Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) based key agreement scheme and the proposed key agreement scheme shows that the proposed scheme is more energy-efficient and provides better network lifetime. The third contribution of this work is a broadcast-based key agreement scheme using set reconciliation for secure communication in WBANs. The scheme allows the neighboring nodes to agree upon a common key with the personal server (PS), generated from feature set of the EKG signal of the host body. Minimal information is exchanged in a broadcast manner, and even if every node is missing a different subset, by reconciling these feature sets, the whole network will still agree upon a single common key. Due to lesser information exchange, if an attacker by any chance gets the information, will not be able to reproduce the key. The proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of security, energy consumption, communication overhead, and memory overhead. It is worth mentioning that the proposed scheme increases the lifetime of the network and decreases the energy consumption as well as the memory and communication overheads. The proposed set reconciliation based key agreement scheme mitigates the replay, selective forwarding, and denial of service attacks by a challenge response authentication mechanism.