آہ! پروفیسر ضیاء الحسن فاروقی
پروفیسر ضیاء الحسن فاروقی کے انتقال کی خبر یکم اگست کو ۱۲ بجے شب میں سنی تو یقین نہیں ہوا، علی الصباح جناب عبداللطیف اعظمی کو فون کیا گیا تو انہوں نے بتایا کہ یہ حادثہ جاں کاہ ۳۰؍ جولائی کی شب میں پیش آیا اور ۳۱؍ کو دوپہر بعد تدفین ہوئی، میرے لیے یہ خبر ناقابل برداشت تھی، اپنے دل کا بوجھ ہلکا کرنے کے لیے ان کے دونوں صاحبزادوں کو خطوط لکھے، اس پر بھی تاب لائے نہ بنی تو ۸؍ اگست کو دہلی ان کے دولت کدہ پر تعزیت کے لیے حاضر ہوا، لیکن اب بھی تسکین دلِ محزوں نہیں ہورہی ہے اور بے چینی اور اضطراب کا وہی عالم ہے۔
مجھ سے پوچھو نہ مزاج دل نا شاد ابھی
میرے نغموں میں ہے کچھ تلخی فریاد ابھی
ابھی ۱۸؍ جولائی کو مجلس تحقیقات و نشریات لکھنو کے جلسے میں ان سے ملاقات ہوئی تھی تو میں نے عرض کی تھی کہ اعظم گڈھ تشریف لے چلیں، پہلے تو حسب عادت مسکرائے پھر کہا ۲۰؍ کودہلی واپسی کا ریزرویشن کراچکا ہوں، میں ڈھائی بجے دن میں ان سے رخصت ہونے لگا تو یہ کہہ کر مجھے روکنا چاہا کہ ’’ارے بڑی سخت دھوپ ہے‘‘۔
ٹھہر بھی جا در ساقی پہ دو گھڑی کے لیے
تمام عمر پڑی ہے رداروی کے لیے
مگرمیں یہ اشارہ غیبی نہ سمجھ سکا کہ چند روز بعد کبھی نہ واپس ہونے والے سفر سے ان کا ریزرویشن ہوچکا ہے اور اپنی دھن میں روانہ ہوگیا، مجھے کیا خبر تھی کہ ع انیس دم کا بھروسہ نہیں ٹھہر جاؤ۔ اور بس عالم ناسوت میں یہ ان سے آخری ملاقات ہے، اس کے بعد ان کا روئے روشن اور رخِ زیبا دیکھنا نصیب نہ ہوگا، اور صرف حسرت ہی حسرت رہ جائے گی۔
حیف در چشم...
Islam is a complete code of life and provides the rights to every class of the human beings. Women rights is a kind of such basic rights which were not bothered in the world but Islam provided it to this gender in its ancient age. So many enactments have been made in Pakistan at federal and provincial level. “Punjab Protection of Women Against Violence Act 2016” will be main study of this research article in which. This act was passed rapidly without any detailed discussion on it, so is the reason that it bears so may deficiencies in it. Implementation of this act will surely cause to create the internal problems in family life and will destroy the family system of the era. Some provisions of this act are repugnant to Islamic teachings as well as to ethical norms which make the husband helpless, notorious and such sinful and criminal person who has no right of honor and respect in the society and this will become a permanent document of dishonor which will affect his person as well as his whole family. These main points of this Act will be analyzed in sharia perspective in this research paper.
A community based follow-up study in four socioeconomically different groups in Lahore, Pakistan was conducted consisting of a rural area, a peri-urban slum, an urban slum and an upper middle class group. A total sample of 150 expectant mothers from three areas was selected. Scheduled interviews were conducted at 4 points in time; from eighth month of pregnancy up to the complete end of breastfeeding whenever it occurred during the infant’s first two years of life. All mothers were breastfeeding at the time of interview within one month after childbirth. Majority of the upper middle class mothers breastfed their infants partially and terminated breastfeeding within six months which is significantly different from the other groups. For prolonged breastfeeding significant contributing psychological factors were maternal own personal experience of breastfeeding right from the beginning as a pleasant, natural and enjoyable process even when initial infant feeding method and housing standard were taken into account. A significant positive relationship was found between maternal temperament dimensions (traits) “Accepting” and “Responsible” with initial feeding pattern for longer duration. The results of the study also suggested that not only the demographic variables and psychological factors but some maternal temperament dimensions also play an important role in the process of decision making regarding the initial feeding pattern and its sustenance for longer duration as well. The role and attitude of health care service provider is also very important in decision making about the initiation of breastfeeding and its longer duration. A cross sectional study was conducted on 30 women who delivered a normal healthy child in the Gynecological ward of a government hospital which caters 30% of general population and more than 80% of the Government Servants in the area. Information about the mode of infant feeding and about the reinforcement provided by experts for a particular mode of feeding to the mothers was obtained through a structured interview from women. 30 Medical Doctors including Gynecologists and Pediatricians of the same hospital were also interviewed to find out their years of practical experience their knowledge about importance of breastfeeding and their perspective and type of technical support provided to pregnant women at the time of antenatal, natal and post-natal visits. Results of the study supported and complemented the findings of the longitudinal study. Gynecologists and Pediatricians perspective indicated that mothers from low socio economic2 groups, have family support and tradition of breastfeeding within their families and are comparatively more religious, or/and were aware about benefits of breastfeeding were the ones who breastfeed their babies. At the time of interview 80% of the mothers in our sample were breastfeeding either exclusively or mixed feeding (Breast and formula milk) and 20% were feeding formula milk through bottle. Reasons given by mothers for adopting a particular mode for feeding their babies indicated that several maternal and social factors including health service provider’s responses dictate mother’s feeding choice. In establishment of initial feeding pattern all the factors related significantly are poor living conditions, low socioeconomic status, maternal breastfeeding satisfaction, her previous positive breastfeeding experience, a positive family support, with temperamental traits like responsible, reflective, accepting, impulsive irritable & withdrawing temperament, act as a stimulant in this regard. Mothers who adopted almost exclusive breastfeeding pattern right from the beginning, lived in poor housing conditions with poor socioeconomic status but had a good previous breastfeeding experience, had breastfeeding satisfaction and enjoyed a good family support in this regard, possessed Casual but Critical temperament, breastfed for a longer duration. The results also suggest that there is a need for formal and informal education of expectant mothers and health service providers in this regard. Breastfeeding and its management can be encouraged through “Behavior Change Communication” and follow up support of health care system.