64. Al-Taghabun/Mutual Neglect
I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah
The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.
64:01
a. Whatever is within the celestial realm the terrestrial world is Glorifying Allah – The One and Only God.
b. For HIM is The Sovereignty, and for HIM is The Praise and Gratitude.
c. And HE Manifests Sovereignty over all existence.
64:02
a. It is HE WHO created you as human species starting from Adam and Eve,
b. then, among you, some would be a disbeliever and among you some would be a believer.
c. And Allah Watches over whatever you do: good and evil.
64:03
a. HE created the celestial realm the terrestrial world with truth: meaningfully and for a
definite purpose,
b. and gave you shape and shaped you well,
c. and made the human form to be the best of forms.
d. And to HIM is going to be your return: starting with death and then upon the resurrection.
64:04
a. HE Knows whatever is within the celestial realm and the terrestrial world,
b. and HE knows whatever you hide of your motives and deeds as well as whatever you disclose of them.
c. And Allah is All-Aware of whatever is within the hearts.
64:05
a. Has not the account of those come to you who disbelieved before you in the Missions and the Messages of their Messengers?
b. So they tasted the evil consequences of what they did, and for them was a painful punishment.
64:06
a. That was so because their Messengers came to them with Clear Messages, but they would
mockingly say:
b. What!
c....
In Sikhism, the concept of worship revolves around remembrance of God and prayers to God Almighty. Various terms are used for worship in Sikhism among them are Naam Japna, Path Karna and Naam Simran. The best form of worship is to always meditate on the name of God and to sing the words of the Sikh Gurus in a humorous manner. This concept of worship in Sikhism has a limited meaning, while the comprehensive system of worship offered by Islam does not exist in Sikhism. However, inspired by Islamic teachings, prayers, remembrance of God, selection of words for worship from the Holy Book and the construction of places of worship in the Islamic style are arguments to accept the influence of Islam. Sikhism teaches to seek God’s pleasure through worship and to be freed from the cycle of reincarnation through good deeds and to worship the only true God.In this article a detailed study is presented regarding the philosophy of worship in Sikhism and impacts of Islamic teachings on them.
Diversification patterns within the Himalayan region have been paramount to the understanding of worldwide biodiversity. Apart from recent wide scale report, a hyperdiverse genus of the temperate region under angiosperm—Carex L. (Cyperaceae), consists of ca. 2100 species globally has not been examined in the Himalayan region, which covers 189 Himalayan Carex taxa. The timing, phylogenetic relationship and ecological diversification of Himalayan lineage in this remarkable genus were aimed to infer. Particularly inspected whether priority and adaptation to this ecological system, or both enlighten the success of radiation from the Kobresia clade (~ 60 species, among which ca. 40 are the Himalayan) of Himalayan Carex. The Phylogenetic patterns were evaluated employing maximum likelihood method (ML) of two (ITS and ETS) nrDNA regions and one (matK) plastid gene; the ML tree was used for time-calibration under penalized likelihood approach and with a fossil calibrated at the base of the tree. The estimation of phylogeographical reconstruction for ancestral ranges and historical processes was achieved with the model, dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis (DEC) implemented in BioGeoBEARS and reciprocal impacts of diversification were analyzed employing the model, geographic state speciation and extinction (GeoSSE). The climatic niche for all Carex species with available mapped georeferenced specimen data were assessed along with climatic records from WORLDCLIM, and therefore, niche evolution was estimated with a group of two models for adaptive range shift and inferring ancestral character states under Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (O-U) models and a Brownian motion model, respectively. During the exploration of Carex flora across the Western Himalayan range Carex simpliciuscula Wahlenb. (1803: 141), previously with doubtful record in the Flora of Pakistan, was confirmed for the region. The Himalayan taxa appears in three of the five reported major Carex clades, and characterized by multiple origins within each major clade. The oldest Himalayan Carex radiation was dated back to ~ 20 Ma, close the period of Himalayan orogeny, contributed to now abundant the Kobresia clade through longdistance migration from the region Nearctic. The Carex taxa in the Himalayas represents a heterogeneous model of diversifications derived from all through the cosmopolitan, however mostly temperate radiations. Several Himalayan radiations are relatively recently evolved, on the other hand, the most widespread and diverse Himalayan Kobresia radiation appeared at the lower Miocene. The timing and predominance of Hiamalayan taxa in Kobresia clade distributed in great elevation Himalayan meadows reveals that Kobresia may have eliminated other Carex taxa (non Kobresia) due to the consequence of mainly priority, competitive exclusion and historical contingency. A significant biodiversity needs to be discovered in order to explore new flora for the region. Around seventy specimens of 19 species collected with GPS reading of collecting sites from Western Himalayas (Pakistan) and 21 species requested from different herbaria, collectively made 40 for this study. Carex simpliciuscula, a new flora and numerous new collection localities for this region were explored. Additionally, morphological characters of pistillate scales studied particularly under scanning electron microscope seem to contribute to identifying taxa for the region. Therefore, these findings encourage further research on micro- and macromorphological studies of pistillate scales in Carex.