Delaying and Ignoring Trends in Marriages: A Critical Study in Hadith Context

Marriage is a preamble of human life. The human society builds its façade on the characteristics of this unit. Humanity has been granted with divine rules for a successful life. The latest version of divine rules are conveyed through Islam and presented by the Holy Prophet Muhammad of benefits everlasting and grand the declared Islam of history Early. (صلى الله عليه وسلم) these rules in all nooks and corners of life; as Qur’ān and Ḥadīth prominences the trend of in-time marriages to ensure the tangible merits of life. Qur’ān declares marriage as ‘God given relationship’, ‘order from God’, ‘A lawful manner’, ‘Firm covenant’, ‘Love and compassion’, ‘Chastity of life’, ‘Right of women and Sign of safety’ and along with it, as marriage emphasizes (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Muhammad Prophet the of traditions the depicting it a ‘Half of religion’, ‘Protection of eyes’, ‘Prevention of character from corruption’, ‘source of Devil’s desperation’ etc. Owing to this stress of in-time marriages, a Muslim society is not supposed to delay or ignore in time marriages. But in present era, the trend of delaying in making marriages or ignoring the importance of in-time marriages is observing everywhere. This delay in making in-time marriages of young generation shows the weaknesses of faith and confidence in life. It is also the cause of many physical diseases and mental disorders. It destroys the best capabilities and abilities of young force. This paper highlights the importance of timely marriages, strength of married-couple life and damages of late marriage so that the requisite of Islam to form the society on the desired shape may be fulfilled. Lastly, this article emphasizes the need to review/change the social behavior regarding late marriages it also emphasizes the need to review/change the social behavior regarding late marriages and a herald to initiate some sorts of laws for making in-time marriages in society so that prevailing damages due to late marriages can be curtailed.

Leadership Development in the Context of Sindh Pakistan at Secondary School Level: An Exploratory Study

This mix-method study aimed to investigate the conception of leadership effectiveness at secondary school level in Sindh Pakistan. The Leadership Challenges, the Impact of existing System Support and Leadership Coping Approaches were thoroughly explored. The population of this study was based on 448 (both male and female from rural and urban areas) heads of secondary schools of 9 districts of Hyderabad directorate of schools. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews, and then focus group discussions. Thus, box-oriented Sindh Leadership Challenges Survey Questionnaire [SLCSQ-2013] and Impact of System Support and Leadership Coping Approaches Survey Questionnaire [ISSLCASQ-2013) were developed on the basis of initially collected qualitative data. These Questionnaires were then administered to a wide randomly selected stratified sample of 90 subjects of same population to justify the qualitative data. Major findings of this study reveal that school heads are experiencing serious challenges in many areas of their administration: authority and power, district school relationship, instructional leadership practice, financial management, conduct of annual exams, staff union relationship and community relationship. They are highly challenged by bureaucratic and political forces in performing different leadership roles. They face lack of existing system support in face of such challenges. This study also revealed that heads of schools use various Leadership Coping Approaches: documenting, performing teaching role, dealing according to the professional level of the staff, adopting flexibility in authority and power and reconciliatory approach etc to deal with challenges. xiii Keywords: Leadership Challenges, School leaders, Context, System Supporting Strategies, Leadership Coping Approaches (Strategies and Styles)