آپریشن (سرجری) کا شرعی جائزہ

Islam offers a complete code of conduct. Its instructions are not limited to some fields of life. Islam guides all those things to his followers which are necessary for the well-being of mankind. The modern age is the age of science and technology, it has created some modern issues to Muslims scholars, like Test Tube baby, cloning and some different kind of surgical operation. This article deals with the status of Surgery in Islamic Shariah.

Isolation of Salmonella from Commercial Eggs, Non-Commercial Eggs and Egg Storing Traysto Determine its Prevalencesin District Mianwali

Bacterial genus Salmonella causes food borne illness called Salmonellosis. It is characterized by the typhoid fever and gastroenteritis. Sources of Salmonella are poultry, egg, egg based food items, meat etc. It is the major zoonotic pathogen distributed worldwide and is the major cause of food borne disease in developing countries like Pakistan. Due to their low price, good taste and nutritious importance people prefer poultry products especially eggs. Salmonella cause a lot of problems to public health that result in economic consequences in worldwide. To investigate the prevalence of Salmonella 240 samples were collected across District Mianwali. Out of 240, eighty samples were of commercial eggs, eighty were of non-commercial eggs and eighty were of egg storing tray samples collected from local markets and house farms of District Mianwali. Selective media used for Salmonella was Hektoen enteric agar. Incidence of Salmonella in egg shells was 32.5% and 27.5%, in egg content was 15% and 12.5% and in egg storing trays was 40% and 32.5% in samples of commercial eggs, non-commercial egg samples and samples of trays used for egg storage that were collected from local markets and house farms respectively. Salmonella prevalence was highest in tray samples and lowest in samples of egg content in both sampling sites. Salmonella prevalence in albumin and yolk was 15%, 12.5% and 10%, 5% in egg content of commercial eggs and non-commercial eggs respectively. Overall Salmonella contamination in local market samples and house farm samples was 29.17% and 24.17% respectively. The Salmonella prevalence in samples of house farms was lower than the local markets samples collected across Mianwali District.