مولانا محمد عارف سنبھلی
دارالعلوم ندوۃالعلما کے تفسیر و عقائد کے استاد مولانا محمد عارف سنبھلی ۹؍ جون ۲۰۰۶ء کو جمعہ کے دن دفعتہ وفات پاگئے، فجر کی نماز اور ضرورتوں سے فارغ ہونے کے بعد یکایک ان پر کپکپی طاری ہوئی، گھر والوں سے کچھ اڑھانے کے لیے کہا مگر چند ہی سکنڈ میں ان کی روح قفس عنصری سے پرواز کرگئی، اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔
وہ عرصے سے ندوۃالعلما میں درس و تدریس کی خدمت انجام دے رہے تھے اس سے پہلے دوسرے مدارس سے وابستہ تھے، ایک زمانے میں جامعۃ الرشاد اعظم گڑھ سے منسلک تھے اور دارالمصنفین کے کتب خانے سے استفادے کے لیے مولوی حبیب اﷲ رانچوی ندوی کے ساتھ یہاں آتے اور لوگوں سے ملنے جلنے کے بجائے سارا وقت مطالعہ میں گزارتے، مولوی حبیب اﷲ سے میرا تعلق پرانا تھا ان ہی کے ساتھ میرے پاس آجاتے مگر وہ کم آمیز تھے اس لیے زیادہ کھل کر باتیں نہیں کرتے، ندوہ میں تو بڑی چہل پہل تھی مگر وہاں بھی کسی سے بہت بے تکلف نہیں دیکھا، عصر بعد مولانا علی میاں کی مجلس میں ضرور شریک رہتے مگر دوسروں کی طرح بڑھ چڑھ کر باتیں نہ کرتے خاموشی سے بیٹھے رہتے۔
مولانا عارف صاحب کا مطالعہ وسیع تھا، قرآنیات، کلام و عقائد سے شغف تھا، تفسیر و قرآنیات سے مناسبت کی بنا پر اترپردیش اردو اکادمی نے مولانا عبدالماجد سمینار کے ان مقالات کی ایڈیٹنگ ان کو سپرد کی تھی جو مولانا کی تفسیر پر تھے، ان میں میرا بھی مضمون تھا، اتفاق سے میں ندوہ گیا تو مجھ کو اپنے گھر لے گئے اور کہنے لگے کہ آپ کا مضمون مجھے بہت پسند ہے اور میں چاہتا ہوں کہ پورا چھپے مگر اکادمی کے ذمہ داروں کا اصرار ہے کہ یہ طویل ہے، آپ آگئے ہیں تو اس...
Mankind is scattered across the surface of the earth in the forms of different religious creeds, tribal affiliations, race, colour and nationalities. Yet they share some traits that are similar and universal to all human societies. These traits include love for children and respect for the elders. However, changing times have eroded some of these positive traits. The condition of senior citizens is not enviable in the West and those following in their footsteps. Children are not fulfilling their natural duty to their old parents, and quite often the elderly are forcefully kicked out of their own houses and accommodated in designated places for the old, run by the state welfare organizations.
Potato processing industry is rising globally and increasing fast food demand of consumers exerts pressure on researchers to identify suitable potato cultivars for processing into chips and fries. Low sugar contents and light frying color are the principal traits to be observed for good chipping performance of potatoes. In potato industry, determination of sugar contents is particularly important as presence of high levels of sugars causes non enzymatic browning or Maillard reaction after frying of potato chips at high temperature. The current study was designed to screen out and assess the chipping potential of indigenous potato cultivars namely, Lady Rosetta, Santé. Hermes, Crozo, Kuroda and Asterix for sugar accumulation during storage at 3, 7 and 11ºC for 160 days (Phase I). The second phase was aimed to estimate the sugar reversion by applying reconditioning treatment at higher temperatures of 15, 20 and 25ºC for a short period of 30 days. All the physicochemical (specific gravity, dry matter, total starch ascorbic acid, sprouting, weight loss, hardness/firmness,) and biochemical analyses such as sugar contents (glucose, fructose, sucrose) and invertase enzyme activity were carried out at a regular interval of storage days. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was adopted for the quantification of sugars whereas the associated invertase activity appraised by spectrophotometrically. Considering the result of first phase; the correlation matrix for physicochemical and biochemical analyses revealed that specific gravity, dry matter content, percent weight loss and sprouting rate were positively correlated to sugar contents and invertase activity while negatively correlated to total starch, ascorbic acid and tuber’s hardness/firmness. Over the storage, gradual increase in sugar contents was observed during phase I, in which the maximum sugar accumulation was exhibited by tubers stored at 3ºC in contrast to 7 and 11ºC. Cold induced sweetening (CIS) under the influence of invertase activity was recorded highest in cultivar Kuroda, following the Santé, Asterix, Crozo, Hermes and Lady Rosetta. High temperature exposure to the stored tubers or reconditioning treatment for short time (Phase II) resulted in reversion of accumulated sugars to starch. The maximum reversion of sugars was attained at 20ºC as compared to 15 and 25ºC after 30th day of reconditioning. All the cultivars showed significant results for glucose, fructose and sucrose contents after reconditioning treatment such as Lady Rosetta (43.23, 38.33, 49.21 mg/100g), Hermes (48.97, 43.23, 39.23 mg/100g), Crozo (51.94, 46.72, 41.74 mg/100g), Santé (54.41, 51.37, 83.31mg/100g), Asterix (59.53, 62.11, 47.52 mg/100g) and Kuroda (86.93, 81.96, 51.21 mg/100g), respectively. The pattern of chips color was assessed and scored by using nine-point Hedonic scale after both phases. Consequently, significant variability (P < 0.05) in sugar contents and frying color was found among all cultivars, whereas Lady Rosetta with golden yellow chips color, Hermes having slightly yellow color and Crozo with yellow color were the most suitable cultivars for chips preparation after reconditioning. The outcomes of current study indicated that reconditioning at higher temperatures for short time resulted in a strong and diverse effect on starch sugar interconversion during storage. More importantly, these results proposed that reconditioning treatment of stored tubers could reduce CIS depending on the nature and type of the cultivar along with the applied storage conditions.