ایک انسان جب اس کائنات پر غور وفکر کرتا ہے تو اسے کوئی بھی چیز بے مقصد نظر نہیں آتی۔ ہر چیز کی تخلیق کا ایک مقصد ہوتاہے پھر آخر انسان کی تخلیق کا مقصد کیا ہے ؟ انسان کیوں پیدا کیا گیا ؟ کیا اس لیے کہ دنیا میں خوب عیاشی کی زندگی گزارے، دوسروں پر ظلم کرے اور پھر مٹی میں مل کر مٹی ہوجائے ؟ یا اس لیے کہ لوگوں کے ظلم و ستم کا نشانہ بنتا رہے اور اپنے حق کے لیے کچھ بھی نہ کرسکے ؟
جب ہم اس کرۂ ارض پر موجود انسانوں کے حالات کا بنظر غائر جائزہ لیتے ہیں تو دونوں طبقات موجود پاتے ہیں۔ ایک طرف وہ لوگ ہیں جن کے جانور بھی ائرکنڈیشنڈ کمروں میں زندگی سے لطف اندوز ہوتے ہیں اور دوسری طرف وہ انسان بھی اسی زمین پر بستے ہیں جن کی بودوباش چوپائیوں جیسی ہے۔
پچپن سے ہی جب میں اس معاشرتی تفاوت پر نظر دوڑاتا تو میرا دل خون کے آنسو روتا اور میرا ضمیر مجھے کچوکے دے کر پوچھتا کہ کیا غریب پیدا ہی اس لیے ہوا ہے کہ وہ وہیں سے پانی پیئے جہاں سے چولستان کی گائے پانی پیتی ہے اور کیا امیر پیدا ہی اس لیے ہوا ہے کہ وہ اپنا پینے کا پانی بھی فرانس سے منگوائے اور دنیا کی رنگینیوں سے خوب لطف اندوز ہو ؟ معاشرے میں موجود غیر عادلانہ نظام نے مجھے پاکستان کی سیاسی اور غیر سیاسی، دینی و غیر دینی جماعتوں کا جائزہ لینے پر مجبور کیا اور میں نے بہت قریب سے مختلف قائدین کو دیکھا اور جانچا۔
میں ایک مضطرب انسان ہوں۔ پاکستان کی سیاسی دینی تحریکوں پر پہلے ہی بہت کام ہوچکا ہے اور پھر میں نظریاتی طور پر سیاسی دینی...
Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the impact of IASTM on musculoskeletal soft tissue injuries.
Materials and Methods: In order to find terms like "instrument," "assisted," "soft tissue dysfunction AND wrist, back, elbow, knee, ankle and foot", "interventions AND IASTM," studies from conception to December 2021 were systematically analyzed across seven electronic databases: Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus, PEDro, and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria for the systematic review were thus met by (n=14) randomized controlled studies.
Results: IASTM treatments are associated with both short and long-term pain reduction and improved functioning. IASTM was discovered to have a short-term favorable effect on the functioning of patients with soft tissue injuries.
Conclusion: It was established that IASTM had a short-term positive impact on the functionality of individuals with soft tissue injuries in different body regions. Future researches should focus on acquiring information about long-term effects using credible evidence.
Naturally, every individual strives for getting satisfaction and to avoid negative outcomes. A future oriented fear of a sort without avoidance refers to anxiety, which, in its mild state acts as a source of motivation, however, it may lead to malfunctioning in its severe form. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety among the students at university level and to find out its influences over academic performance. The study also focused on the major causal factors or correlates of anxiety among university students. Few researches have been carried out on anxiety as a vital psychological aspect of academic performance and to analyze its causal factors among university students, specifically in Pakistan. The main objective of the study was to determine the anxiety levels of university students and to compare it with their academic grades in the last exam. The study was significant as its findings and conclusions may support the university teachers, administrators and examination conducting authorities to adopt appropriate strategies for teaching and evaluation, while keeping in view the anxiety levels of students. It also seems helpful for university students to overcome academic dysfunction caused by severe anxiety. To achieve the stated objectives, the master level students of 16th grade of University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan were selected out of which thirty percent (proportionate) sample from 32 postgraduate departments of all of the six faculties, for the session 2011-12 was taken. The total number of students taken was758, (n=758), including 442 males and 316 females. The research involved a descriptive non-experimental correlation design. The anxiety levels of students were determined through the standard self-report mechanism by applying the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The academic grades in the form ofxv percent score in the last annual examination were taken and compared among the university students having anxieties of high and low level. The data collected was tabulated, analyzed and interpreted through SPSS v.19, by using means, percentages and Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient (r). The causal factors of anxiety among university students were determined through academic, environmental, social and future oriented correlates. On average, the students with high and low levels of anxiety were found with a ratio of 40 to 60, respectively, while the students with high and low academic grades were found with a ratio of 65 to 35, respectively. The study concluded with an inverse relation between anxiety and academic grades of university students (r=-0.38) and the academic correlates were found to be the only causal factors of anxiety among the university students. Finally, discussions were made and hierarchic suggestions were presented to optimize the severe anxiety among university students to ensure better academic performance.