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Education Inequalities in Pakistan

Thesis Info

Author

Madiha Kanwal

Department

Deptt. of Economics, QAU.

Program

MSc

Institute

Quaid-i-Azam University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2005

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

55

Subject

Economics

Language

English

Other

Call No: DISS/M.Sc ECO/437

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676716765056

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35. Fatir/Creator

35. Fatir/Creator

I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah

The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.

35:01
a. The Praise and Gratitude is for Allah – The One and Only God of everyone and everything,
- Creator of the celestial realm and the terrestrial world without any precedent,
- The Appointer of the angels as message-bearers, with two and three and four pairs of
wings.
b. HE increases creation as and what HE Wills.
c. Indeed, Allah Manifests Sovereignty over all existence.

35:02
a. Whatever mercy and good fortune Allah may open up for a people, no one can or is able to hold it back, and
b. whatever of these HE may hold back, there is not one, who can or is able to give it after HIM deciding not to give,
c. for HE is The Almighty, The Wise.

35:03
a. O The People of the World!
b. Remember Allah’s blessings and favors upon you -
c. Is there any creator, other than Allah, who can provide for you sources of sustenance from the sky and the earth?
d. No. There can never be one!
e. There is no entity of worship –and can never be - apart from HIM.
f. How, then, can you be so self-deceiving?

35:04
a. And if they belie and deny you, O The Prophet, know that Messengers before you were
also belied and denied.
b. And ultimately all matters are to be referred to Allah for resolution.

35:05
a. O The People of the World!
b. Indeed, Allah’s Promise about the Hereafter is true,
c. therefore, do not be seduced by the worldly life,

حدیثِ لولاک کا تحقیقی و تجزیاتی مطالعہ A Research Review of the Hadith e Lawlāk

The importance and authenticity of the hadiths of the Prophet (PBUH) in the Muhammadan Ummah is an undisputed fact. A large number of Muḥaddithīn and imams spent their lives in collecting and editing the hadiths of the Prophet (PBUH) and compiled a collection of hadiths. These hadiths were classified according to their health and weakness. Due to the efforts of the imams, there are hadiths narrated from the Messenger of Allah on all sciences and knowledge and issues and rulings. Among them are Hadith Qudsī, Ma‘rūf, Mawkūf, Maktū‘, Saḥiḥ, Ḥasan Za‘īf and all other types of Hadith. The same Hadith e Qudsīyyah also includes a Hadith Lawlāk "لولاک" refers to those hadiths in which the Prophet ﷺ has been described as the cause of the creation of the universe and the origin of the universe. That is the hadith in which Allah Almighty has related the Prophet (PBUH) as the reason for creating the universe and its beings. However, the words of "Hadith e Lawlāk" The authenticity of the hadith has been made a subject of discussion. Some imams have declared this hadith to be weak and some have also said that it is valid. However, a large number of scholars have agreed on the authenticity of this hadith and the hadith has been declared correct in terms of meaning and has been recorded in the books of hadith, biographies and interpretations and other subject books. In the article under review, the sayings of Imams on the health and weakness of Hadith Lawlāk have been presented and research analysis of the said Hadith has been done through simulation and rational arguments.

اردو داستان کے مرکزی کردار

The time period form 17th century to 19th century, in Urdu prose, is called the era of 'Dastan'. Though some attempts or endeavor can also be seen in Dastan writing after this time period. Because of a leading kind of its time period, Dastan is of prime importance. In this thesis, under consideration research carried out about a very important part of Dastan. The investigatory and the critical analysis of the main characters of the Dastan not only drag this kind of speech from darkness of past but also helps to highlight the standard of characterization of that era. All those Dastans are included in this thesis which are published, having unity of plot and revolve around central character. Collection of proverbs is included in this selection. All those Dastans are avoided to include in which most of the material was borrowed from other Dastans or which revolves around the same topic. In this thesis, standard of characterization in Dastans, capabilities of characterization and how was it differ from the characterization of modern was discussed. Character of Dastan is also examined according to social and moral standardization of modern era. The thesis has been divided in to four parts. Part one deals with the central theme of 'Dastan'. Part two deals with the main characters of the prominent Dastan published pre Fort William College period. Part three consists of critical analysis of important characters of the stories published under the patronage of Fort William College, while part four comprises critical analysis and evaluation of the central characters of important Dastans published during the same period but not under the patronage of the college. The objective of the thesis is to highlight the fundamental characters of the Dastan, portray their importance and judge the standard of characterization. It is also our objective to enable the modern reader establish, by himself, a link between the ancient and modern literature. Epilogue is captioned "collective evaluation". In epilogue the central characters of the Dastans, included in the thesis, have been discussed briefly.