اسرار احمد آزاد
افسوس ہے پچھلے دنوں ہمارے ادارۂ ندوۃ المصنفین کے دو پرانے ساتھی داعیٔ اجل کولبیک کہہ کر اس دنیا سے رخصت ہوگئے۔جناب اسراراحمد آزاد اردو زبان کے ادیب اورنامور اخبار نویس تھے یوں انھوں نے غالباً کسی یونیورسٹی سے باقاعدہ کوئی سند نہیں لی تھی لیکن محض اپنی ذاتی محنت اور شوق سے اردو اورہندی کے علاوہ انگریزی میں اتنی استعداد بہم پہنچا لی تھی کہ اس زبان کے اخبارات و رسائل اورکتابیں بے تکلف پڑھ اورسمجھ لیتے تھے۔سیاسیات پران کا مطالعہ بہت وسیع تھا۔ ادارہ کے ابتدائی زمانہ میں مکتبۂ برہان کی طرف سے ان کی کتاب ’’بین الاقوامی سیاسی معلومات‘‘شایع ہوکر بڑی مقبول ہوئی تھی۔مرحوم نظر ثانی کرکے اس پر برابر اضافہ کرتے رہے چنانچہ اس کتاب کاآخری ایڈیشن جو شایع ہوا ہے وہ تین نہایت ضخیم جلدوں پرمشتمل ہے اور بے شبہ یہ کتاب اردوزبان کے پورے لٹریچر میں اپنی نوعیت کی ایک ہی ہے۔اس کے علاوہ مرحوم بہت جلد اور بہت اچھا لکھتے تھے۔ ان کی ساری زندگی جرنلزم کے نذر ہوگئی ورنہ اگر ان کو معاشی اطمینان حاصل ہوتا اورتصنیف وتالیف میں لگے رہتے تواردوزبان کے ذخیرہ میں بہت کچھ قابل قدراضافہ کرسکتے تھے۔اخلاقی اعتبار سے ان کی زندگی سراپا ایثار تھی۔خودمجرد رہے،محنت مزدوری کی اورایک بھائی کے بچوں کی تعلیم و تربیت پرہمیشہ اپنی توجہ مرکوز رکھی۔سری نگر میں روزنامہ ’’چنار‘‘ کے ایڈیٹر تھے، دھرادول میں انتقال ہوا۔اﷲ تعالیٰ مغفرت عطا فرمائے۔ [فروری۱۹۷۱ء]
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manfaat perencanaan strategis bagi lembaga pendidikan Islam. Metode yang digunakan adalah literature review, dengan mengumpulkan berbagai referensi artikel pendukung dari jurnal-jurnal nasional. Hasil kajian ini menjelaskan, Apabila perencanaan strategis dapat dibuat dan dilaksanakan dengan benar serta didukung oleh komitmen pimpinan, maka perencanaan strategis dapat memberi manfaat-manfaat bagi lembaga pendidikan Islam, antara lain : (1) Perencanaan strategis dapat memperkuat “critical mass” menjadi team yang kompak, karena diarahkan untuk menganut nilai-nilai pokok, sistem utama dan tujuan bersama, (2) Perencanaan strategis dapat membantu untuk mengoptimisasikan performance lembaga pendidikan Islam, (3) Perencanaan strategis dapat membantu pimpinan untuk selalu memusatkan perhatian dan menganut kerangka bagi upaya perbaikan secara kontinyu, (4) Perencanaan strategis memberikan pedoman bagi pengambilan keputusan sehari-hari, dan (5) Perencanaan strategis selalu memberikan kemudahan untuk mengukur kemajuan organisasi dalam usaha mencapai tujuannya untuk memperbaiki kualitas dan produktivitas. Manfaat perencanaan strategis pendidikan menjadi hal yang perlu diperhatikan untuk menciptakan penyelenggaraan pendidikan Islam yang bermutu
Thalassemia is a hereditary quantitative deficiency of functional α and β like globin chains synthesis that leads to ineffective erythropoiesis and reduced hemoglobin synthesis. Increased gastrointestinal iron absorption, following frequent blood transfusions in the absence of proper chelation therapy, builds iron overload leading to increased morbidity and mortality and shorten life expectancy. It is manifested by chronic anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, bone deformities especially for facial bones and improper growth rate. Regular blood transfusion and iron chelation therapy becomes essential for lifelong time. The geographical distribution of thalassemia can be divided broadly into four regions: Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, Indian Asia and Mediterranean device. Migration from these affected areas into non-malarial areas results in heterogeneous diversity of thalassemia at global level. A multicentre study (including four cities in Pakistan) was aimed to investigate the frequency and spectrum of alpha and beta thalassemia genetic mutations and XmnI polymorphism of the Gamma Globin gene. Beta thalassemia individuals identified on the ground of haematological parameters were screened for mutations of the Alpha (HBA2 and HBA1) and Beta (HBB) Globin genes as well as Gamma (HBG2) Globin gene, -158 Gg XmnI polymorphism, using a combination of multiplex GAP polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Sanger sequencing and restriction fragment length polymerase (RFLP) based PCR respectively. Among 16 identified mutations in the beta gene by Sanger sequencing, NM_000158.4:c.27_28insG (p. Ser10ValfsTer14) was the most prevalent. In alpha thalassemia mutation, multiplex GAP-PCR run for seven most common deletion mutation showed that α-3.7 and α-4.2 deletions were coinherited with beta thalassemia mutations. Additionally, presence of rare mutations and novel variants has portrait the diversity of thalassemia mutations in Pakistani population. Moreover, NM_000184.2:c.-211C>T base-pair substitution (historically described as -158 GγXmnI polymorphism) was present in 36% of the patients. The hemolysis markers (red blood cell incidences), oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, hemoglobin oxidation, carbonyl protein oxidation, and catalase activity), antioxidative level (glutathione reduced and oxidised, scavenging assays) and biochemical parameters were also analysed. Low copper, potassium, magnesium and phosphate levels and high AST, ALK and ALT levels which were observed importantly represent the iron overloaded peroxidative state in thalassemia. Not only these parameters but high values of lipid peroxidation, carbonyl contents and catalase activity and low values of glutathione reduce and scavenging assay also marked the oxidative damage caused mainly due to iron overload and its associated complications. Additionally, three plants namely Curcuma longa (locally known as Haldi), Nigella sativa seeds (locally known as Kalonji), and Camellia sinensis (green tea) were studied to identify natural alternatives to treat disorders associated with hemolysis by reducing oxidative stress and to determine the effect of extraction systems on the functionality of phytochemicals. Based on Camellia sinensis and Curcuma longa well known bioactivities, it was assumed that they would significantly ameliorate the activities of oxidative markers and hence help in reducing the oxidative damage in beta thalassemia. However, treatment with both plant extract did not sufficiently improve the condition. This could be due to insufficient ameliorating effect as well as use of whole extract instead of isolated compound from plants was used. The psychological stress and its associated experiences were studied in index and their caregivers that duplicated the previous findings of low quality of life scores. The chronic nature of disease with enduring treatment has drastically affected their wellbeing. However, these changes vary between and within countries due to different health infrastructures, socioeconomic status and cultural and social norms. With advancement in reducing the thalassemia associated mortality and morbidity, some attention has now move into designing of improved and healthy lifestyles. Heterogeneity in clinical and haematological parameters in thalassemia major, show that monogenic disorders can present with a wide spectrum of disease severity. Present study will be useful in the prevention of highly prevalent disease of thalassemia in Pakistan following nationwide awareness campaign.