Relationship Between Level of Educational Attainment and Employee Performance: Mediating Role of Individual Religious Affiliation

Purpose: This study empirically investigates the relation between education level and employees’ performance working in public sector universities from the viewpoint of Islamic religiosity when religious affiliations play mediating role. It has been experienced that more educated people are found to be more involved in performing tasks related to the religious affiliations. Due to the fact that people with higher education found less time to complete their religious obligations, they are more involved in alternative arrangements like charity and donations to fulfill the hunger of religious attainments. Therefore, in order to satisfy themselves religiously, they are more involved in religious affiliations. This high involvement in fulfilling religious arrangements impacts their individual job performance which is necessary to explore. Research Methodology: Data was gathered from the public sector university employees of Pakistan. Out of 900 distributed questionnaires, 520 were received with response rate of 73.65%. Regression analysis is performed in order to determine the association between level of education and individual performance. Further, in order to determine the mediating role of religious affiliations, the Barren and Kerry (1984) model is applied. Findings: Using questionnaire survey the results of the study showed that level of education significantly impacts the religious affiliations in positive manner and high religious affiliations increase the individual job performance. The results at this point indicated that an unobservable indicator, like propensity for logical rationale induces individuals for higher education and ultimately high religious affiliations. Recommendations: Based upon the results, it is recommended that religiosity and ethical values in management set up are need to be escorted by public reforms to let the identification of employees to their work values and their obligation to the performance of work-related tasks. Originality: This study would be a clear contribution in the field of human behavior towards making alternative arrangements in order to fulfill religious obligations and at the same time identifying the mediating role of religious attainments in determining their individual performance.

Analysis of Critical Success Factors Csfs for Implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning in Manufacturing Industry

ERP implementation is a complex, long-term, and costly process. The ERP implementation dynamics varies according to the nature and type of the industry and organization. Each industry possesses its own unique information flow systems, business processes, human resources, localized requirements and adaptation level to the new systems. These factors can be visualized and considered by understanding the complete hierarchy and structure of the industry. Previous studies have shown that the 90% ERP implementation not completed within time & budget as well as the implementation success ratio is only 33%. Furthermore, many organizations found unsuccessful in attaining the complete benefits of ERP implementation. Therefore, it is required to identify Critical Success Factors for ERP implementation in different organizations and industries. The motivation of this research is to identify CSFs for implementation of the ERP system in manufacturing industry. A questionnaire-based instrument was prepared to gather data from the personals in the concerned industry. Data has been analyzed by using the Principal Component Analysis as statistical techniques. Correlation calculated between each selected CSFs and the goal objective. PCA and correlation analysis shows that the 38 Factors are playing a major role in ERP implementation success whereas the remaining 22 CSFs are not important for the success of ERP implementation in manufacturing industry.