ڈینگی ایک چیلنج
نحمدہ وَ نُصَلِّیْ علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
صدرِذی وقار معزز اسا تذہ کرام اور میرے ہم مکتب ساتھیو! آج مجھے جس موضوع پر لب کشائی کی سعادت حاصل کرنی ہے وہ ہے:’’ڈینگی ایک چیلنج،،
جنابِ صدر!
آج کل پورے پاکستان میں جس بیماری نے پاکستانیوں کے اعصاب کو مضمحل کر رکھا ہے وہ ڈینگی ہے اور ڈینگی بخار ہی کی ایک قسم ہے، چھوٹے، بڑے، امیر ،غریب ، کالے، گورے سب اس سے خوفزدہ ہیں ، سب اس سے فرار کا رستہ اختیار کرنے کے متمنی ہیں، اس کے نام سے ہی رونگٹے کھڑے ہوجاتے ہیں۔
صد رِمحترم!
فرمان ِباری تعالیٰ ہے ’’کہ ایّا م لوگوں کے درمیان ایک جیسے نہیں رہتے، بدلتے رہتے ہیں۔ ‘‘ وقت کا دھارا گزر جاتا ہے۔ خزاں کے ختم ہوتے ہی بادِ بہاری کو اٹھکیلیاں سوجھنا شروع ہو جاتی ہیں۔ مردہ پتے گرنے لگتے ہیں، اورنئے شگو فے کھلنا شروع ہو جاتے ہیں،چمنستانِ ہستی میں بہار آ جاتی ہے، ستاروں کی گردش، اور زمین کی حرکت ارضی اور سماوی تبدیلیوں کی نشاندہی کرتی ہے۔
اے ہم نشیں ! کلام میرا لا کلام ہے
سُن! زندگی تغیّرِ پیہم کا نام ہے
صدرِذی وقار!
انسان پر بھی حالات ایک جیسے نہیں رہتے،کبھی مسرت و شادمانی کی کیفیت ہوتی ہے، کبھی غم اور اندوہ ساتھ نبھانے کا تہیہ کر لیتے ہیں، کبھی امارات کے بادل سایہ فگن ہو جاتے ہیں، کبھی غربت و افلاس کی چکی میں پسنا مقدر بن جاتاہے۔ کبھی بیماری کا بھیانک چہرا جیسے ڈینگی کی صورت میں سامنے آتا ہے دیکھنا پڑتا ہے اورکبھی تندرستی اور صحت کی نوید جانفرا سنائی دینا شروع کر دیتی ہے۔
جنابِ صدر!
انسان اشرف مخلوقات پیدا فرمایا گیا ہے۔ اس کونشیب و فراز سے واسطہ...
Islam is a complete code of life which provides complete guidance in all aspects of human life. The discipline of economics was given particular importance in Islam as most of the human activities revolved around it that could also be seen practically around the globe. The major responsibility of under taking the financial matters was laid on men according to teachings of Islam. The core purpose of this academic work was to explore the Islamic view point about the woman economic activities. The study was basically designed to address that whether Islam permitted women to take part in economic affairs or not? The article provided a guideline for cotemporary women in the light of economic activities of Ṣaḥābiyāt that how the today’s women could take part into various domains of financial matters by keeping in view the life and economic activities of Ṣaḥābiyāt. The descriptive and analytical research methodology was employed for the collection and analysis of data. The review of literature revealed that men were primarily responsible for economic matters, however women could do the job by following the instruction of Islamic teachings. It was also found that the women could actively take part in various economic fields including; trade, agriculture, medical science, and education. In the light of above findings the research recommended that Government should take some serious measures by making economic arrangements and providing Islamic environment for work in order to accommodate the needy, poor, widows and oppressed women of society. On one hand, it would be beneficial for the financial support of their family while on the other hand, enhance the production of country. Finally it must be kept in view that family system should not be ruined due to job of a woman.
Machine simulation of human reading has been a subject of intensive research for almost four decades. The latest improvements in recognition methods and systems for Latin script are very promising and matured product are available for those languages in the market. On the contrary, despite more than one decade of research in the field of Urdu Optical Character Recognition (OCR), the reading skill of the computer is still way behind that of human. Automatic Urdu character recognition is a challenging task due to less attention of researchers and intrinsic complexity of Urdu text. That is highly cursive and calligraphic nature, diagonality in writing, and vertical overlap between characters in a sub-word. In this research, we present a novel implicit segmentation based technique for development of an OCR for printed Nasta''liq text lines. This work introduces a novel and robust approach based on statistical models that provide solution for recognition of Nasta’liq style Urdu text. Unlike to classical approaches which segment text into words, ligatures or characters, we employ an implicit segmentation where text lines are recognized during segmentation. The developed system is evaluated on standard Urdu text databases and compared with the state-of-the-art recognition techniques proposed till date. In the proposed recognition system, we use two strategies, first is based on manual features and second on automatic features. In the first strategy, we split each text line image into small frames of width ‘n’ by using a sliding window and extract many features from each frame. These features are then concatenated to form a feature vector for the text line. In the second strategy, we extract features automatically by using the Multi-dimensional (MD) Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) model in one scenario and by Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model in other scenario. Features extracted from the text lines along with their respective transcriptions are fed to a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) for training or classification. Recognition is obtained by using MDLSTM based recognizers with the Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) output layer. The experiments conducted on a standard UPTI database yield promising results. We obtained 96.40% (3.6% error rate) recognition rates using manual features, 98% (2.0% error rate) using raw pixels based features and 98.12% (1.88% error rate) using CNN based features.