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Home > 2D-Seismic Reflection Interpretation of Seismic Line No. 964-Fab-58 of Fort Abbas

2D-Seismic Reflection Interpretation of Seismic Line No. 964-Fab-58 of Fort Abbas

Thesis Info

Author

Masood Riaz

Department

Deptt. of Earth Sciences, QAU.

Program

MSc

Institute

Quaid-i-Azam University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2005

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

78

Subject

Earth Sciences

Language

English

Other

Call No: DISS/M.Sc ES/668

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676716944562

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سلطان کھاروی تے باراںماہ

سلطان کھاروی تے باراں ماہ

رتاں کسے وی علاقے دی رہتل اتے ڈونگھا اثر پوندیاں نیں۔ حیاتی دے پھیر نال رتاں دا پھیر اے۔ بال پن وچ رتاں دا رنگ ہور ہوندا اے تے جوانی وچ رت ہور طراں مانی جاندی اے۔ جد کہ بڈھے وارے ایہو رتاں لنگھ گئیاں رتاں دا ہوکا بن کے جاندیاں نیں۔ غلام یعقوب انورایس صنف بارے لکھدے نیں۔

’’اجیہی نظم جیہدے وچ سال دیاں باراں مہینیاں نوں چت رکھ کے شعر کہے جاون‘‘(۱)

عبدالغفور قریشی لکھدے نیں :

’’ہندی شاعری دا پرانا روپ اے۔ ہندی دے شاعر اک سال نوں چھ رتاں وچ ونڈدے نیں۔ ایہناں رتاں وچ برہا دی ماری روح دا بیان ہوندا اے۔ جیہڑے اک رت توں دوجی رت وچ نویں وادھے تے ڈاڈھے دکھاں بھریا ہوندا اے۔ ہندی وچ اجیہی شاعری نوں کھٹ رت بیان آکھیا گیا اے۔ سنسکرت وچ کالی داس دی رتو سنہار اپ بھرنش وچ عبدالرحمان ملتانی دی سندیش راسک رت بیان دے بڑے سوہنے نمونے نیں۔ ہندی وچ ملک محمد جائیسی نے ایس نوں اپنایا۔ انگریزی وچ باراں ماہے دی طرز دا اک نمونہ سپینسر (1550-1599) شاعر نے 1576 وچ شیفرڈ کیلنڈر لکھیااے جیہدے وچ ہر مہینے دی کیفیت نوں بیان کیتا گیا اے‘‘(۲)

پنجابی لوک گیتاں تے باراں ماہ دا سانگا ڈھیر پرانا اے۔ ایہہ باقاعدہ کدوں توں لکھیا جان لگیا اے ایس بارے سیانیاں گویڑ لائے نیں۔ سیانیاں نے کیوں جے لکھتی روپ ناں ہوون پاروں دعویٰ نہیں کیتا جاسکدا۔ باراں ماہ دا جیہڑا مواد موجود اے اوس توں ایہہ گویڑ لایا گیا اے۔

’’پنجاب وچ باراں ماہ دی پرنپرا کافی پرانی اے۔ گیارھویں صدی دے مسعود سعد سلیمان لاہوری (1047-1122) دا فارسی باراں ماہ...

Right of Progeny and Cairo Declaration of Human Rights in Islam

The first main objective of Maqasid I Shari`ah is the completion of human’s necessity; in which protection of progeny (nasl) is the foremost purpose. The preservation of lineage is greatly emphasized by the Islamic Shariah and the Cairo declaration of human rights in Islam also supported the protection of lineage in Islam. All the articles of CDHRI covered the five basic human rights mentioned in Maqasid I Shariah. The research is focused on delineating the concept of protection of lineage as one of the main objective of Shariah and it is supported by evidences from Cairo Declaration of Human Rights in Islam along with Quranic verses and traditions of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W). The aspects covered in the paper range from discussion of right of progeny as well as equal rights of progeny for male and female; rights of children with the hierarchy of their rights from the stage of fetus, having proper nursing, caring, education and a healthy beginning of life. The comparative analysis based on arguments of Shariah and the CDHRI proves that it is the basic objective of Shariah to protect all fundamental rights and right of progeny has the foremost significance in it.

Comparative Study of Treated and Untreated Wastewater on Morpho-Anatomical, Chemical and Essential Oil Contents of Fragrant Rosa Species in Peri-Urban Area

The work was carried out to assess the effects of treated and untreated wastewater on morpho-anatomical, physio-chemical and essential oil contents of four widely cultivated fragrant Rosa species of Pakistan during 2012 and 2013 in peri-urban area. Water analysis showed that all minerals and chemicals were in permissible level in canal water and treated wastewater whereas, untreated water contained higher EC, BOD, COD and heavy metals like Cd, Co, Cu, Pb. Morphological studies showed that treated wastewater has a pronounced effect on floral attributes of Rosa species. Rosa Gruss-an-Teplitz produced the maximum number of flowers per plant, increased bud and flower diameter, number of petals per flower and took minimum days to produce flowers. Whereas, plant height and number of leaves per branch was high in R. bourboniana and leaf area was found maximum in R. damascena. Anatomical study showed that R. Gruss-an-Teplitz showed remarkable variations in root anatomical characteristics under treated wastewater. A significant variation was recorded in R. Gruss-an-Teplitz in terms of large cortical cell area, large vascular bundle area, large xylem and phloem area, large pith area and large cross sectional area while thick epidermis and large metaxylem area was recorded in R. bourboniana. Stem anatomical characteristics showed that large cortical cell area was recorded in R. damascena under untreated wastewater treatment and R. Gruss-an-Teplitz showed thick epidermis and large xylem area in untreated and treated wastewater respectively whereas R. bourboniana showed large pith area in treated wastewater. Rosa Gruss-an-Teplitz showed significant variations in leaf characteristics under treated and untreated wastewater treatment such as, large cortical cell area, vascular bundle area, large spongy cell area and thicker midrib whereas a remarkable increase in epidermal thickness was recorded in R. centifolia. Large palisade cell area, large phloem area and thick leaves (lamina) were found in R. damascena in treated wastewater. Physiological attributes revealed that in treated wastewater, high photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and chlorophyll content of R. bourboniana was recorded and stomatal conductance was high of R. Gruss-an-Teplitz. Minerals and other chemicals concentration of all plant parts were highest under untreated wastewater. Higher nitrogen contents were found in roots of R. bourboniana; R. centifolia’s roots contained maximum Ca, Na, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni and Co concentration while roots of R. damascena retained maximum K and Pb level whereas, P and Fe contents were highest in roots of R. Gruss-an-Teplitz. In stems, N, K and xv Fe contents were higher in R. Gruss-an-Teplitz, Na level was maximum in R. bourboniana. P, Ca, Cu and Cr contents were highest in R. centifolia whereas, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni and Co contents were high in stems of R. damascena. In leaves, N and Na level was high in R. bourboniana while P, Ca, Fe, Zn and Ni contents were highest in R. Gruss-an-Teplitz. K and Pb level was high in leaves of R. damascena whereas Cu, Cr and Co contents were high in R. centifolia. In flowers, R. bourboniana contained high concentration of N and Na while P, Cu and Co contents were high in R. centifolia. Calcium and Zn level was at the top in leaves of R. Gruss-an-Teplitz whereas K, Fe, Pb, Cr and Ni contents were high in flowers R. damascena. Lead was the only chemical whose concentration was high in flowers of R. centifolia and R. damascena under untreated wastewater than the maximum recommended values set by WHO while other minerals and chemical levels were in permissible limit. Out of 12 essential oil components found in this study, citronellol which is the principal constituent for fragrance was highest in essential oil of R. damascena under untreated wastewater while its percentage was lowest in R. Gruss-an-Teplitz. Phenyl ethyl alcohol was main component of essential oil and its percentage was highest in R. Gruss-an-Teplitz under treated wastewater and minimum level was found in R. damascena. The other components of essential oil of all Rosa species were found in traces under all irrigation water treatments. Although statistically no significant effect of irrigation water treatments on oil components was observed however, there was quantitative difference in chemical composition and aroma constituents of essential oil of all fragrant Rosa species. From the results of present studies, it can be concluded that R. Gruss-an-Teplitz showed high degree of tolerance against contaminated water and is strongly recommended to cultivate in peri-urban areas. Moreover, treated wastewater can serves as an alternative source of canal water after management of toxic elements to save water and environment.