سلام مچھلی شہری
افسوس ہے کہ سلام مچھلی شہری بھی چل بسے، وہ ممتاز ترقی پسند شاعر تھے، اعظم گڑھ اور دارالمصنفین سے ان کے تعلقات بہت پرانے تھے، جس کا انھوں نے ہمیشہ لحاظ رکھا، کئی مہینے ہوئے خبر ملی تھی کہ انھوں نے شراب سے توبہ کر لی ہے، اس خبر سے قدرۃً خوشی ہوئی، اتفاق سے اسی زمانہ میں انھوں نے جدید طرز میں ایک نعت کہہ کر معارف میں اشاعت کے لیے بھیجی، میں نے ان کو توبہ پر مبارک باد دی اور لکھا کہ نعت کے لیے پرانا طرز ہی مناسب ہے، انھوں نے جواب میں لکھا کہ انھوں نے شراب سے توبہ کرلی ہے اور دعا فرمائیے کہ خدا استقامت عطا فرمائے اور اپنے موروثی مذہبی اثرات کا بھی حوالہ دیا، اور دوسری نعت کہہ کر بھیجنے کا وعدہ کیا، مگر ابھی اس کے ایفا کی نوبت نہ آئی تھی کہ ان کا وقت پورا ہوگیا، شراب نے ہمارے بہت سے ہونہار شعراء کو تباہ کیا ہے، شکر ہے کہ سلام اس سے تائب ہوگئے تھے، جو ان کی عاقبت کے لیے فال نیک ہے، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی توبہ قبول اور ان کی مغفرت فرمائے۔
(شاہ معین الدین ندوی، دسمبر ۱۹۷۳ء)
Hadith and Science of Hadith are the terms used by specialists of Hadith known as Mohaditeen. A hadith is a recorded statement, action or approval of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W). It is considered as the second primary source of Islamic law after Quran. It is also a part of revelation. Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) described it through his words. The science of hadith examplifies the principles with which a specialist in the field of Hadith evaluates the authenticity and accuracy of narrations. In the past there were two specific and developmental stages for the Books of Hadith terminology. In its 1st stage, the Scholars focused on the compilation of the statements of earlier scholars, quoting the expressions they had used without evaluating those terms or suggesting terms applicable to those expressions. This methodology was adopted by the earlier scholars such as Yaḥyā ibn Ma`īn, `Alī ibn al-Madīnī, Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj, and Al – Tirmidi. In the second period the Authors cited the quoted statements of the earlier works and began the collection and codification of relevant terms. In this period, the specific Principles were established. Examples of books authored in this manner are: Ma`rifah `Ulūm al-Ḥadīth by al-Ḥākim, Al-Kifāyah by al-Khaṭīb alBaghdādī and the Introduction of Ibn al-Ṣalāḥ. In this article the two major types of science of Hadith have been mentioned, Rewayat-ul-Hadith and Derayat-ulHadith. Its definition and historical background has been described.
The human resource information system is a class of specialized applications that were designed to improve management of an organization’s human assets. Human resource information system supports the alignment of strategic outcomes which are essential for achieving sustained competitive advantage. Resultantly, human resource information system plays a major role in enhancing the organization’s performance, and impact its bottom line. The deployment of an effective human resource system is part of a holistic approach, partial implementation does not yield the same results.The main construct of interest for this study was the “extent of HRIS adoption”. The model that was developed and elaborated upon in this study incorporates the ideas of Mayfield, who provided a functional perspective of human resource information system, going beyond focusing on automating the various activities performed in human resources. The model then tests this impact of the extent of HRIS adoption on organization’s performance. Furthermore, the model developed for this study also incorporated the antecedents of the extent of HRIS adoption. In order to an all-inclusive model, the moderating role of HR staff expertise was also added to the model for the current study.Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. The sample (n = 108) was drawn from organizations in the capital city of Pakistan. One-way Analysis of Variance was used to isolate the effect of contextual factors at the organizational and respondent level. Two organizational and two respondent level factors caused a significant variation in extent of HRIS adoption and one organizational factor caused variation in organization’s performance. Correlation analyses indicated the presence of a significant positive association between the antecedent and the outcome variable. Regression analysis was also performed and the results from this also confirmed the positive influence of innovation and environmental characteristics on the extent of HRIS. The extent of HRIS positive influence on organization’s performance. The results of the moderation analysis of the effect of HR staff expertise was not confirmed, although HR staff expertise was found to have a significant effect on organization’s performance.The results from this study contribute to the literature on extent of HRIS adoption in three ways (a) provides a different operationalization of the construct of extent of HRIS, (b) it examines the relationship between extent of HRIS, and its antecedents, (c) extent of HRIS adoption also tended to predict organization’s performance and its implications for managers and researchers have also been suggested.