کرپشن ،نجی مفادات اور غداری
ہر وہ شخص غدار ہے جو اپنے ذاتی مفاد کیلئے پھر غیر آئینی طریقے سے پاکستان کے آئین کو منسوخ کردے یا پھر کسی بھی قسم کی کرپشن جو ملک کیلئے بدنامی کا باعث بنے ،خطرہ بنے ،کسی آئین کو معطل کرے ،یا کسی بھی سازش میں بھی شامل ہو تو وہ ملک کا غدار ہے۔ یہ ایک ایسی لعنت ہے جو کسی بھی ملک کی بنیادوں کو کھوکھلا کردیتی ہے۔
یہ زمین جس پر ہم رہتے ہیں یہ ہمارے لیے ہماری ماں جیسی ہے پاک زمین کی گود میں پرورش پاکر پھر اسی سیغداری کرنا ،ایسے حالات میں جہاں غدار موجود تھے وہاں وطن پر مر مٹنے والے بھی موجود تھے مگرجو نقصان وطن کو ان غداروں سے ہوا وہ ملک کیلئے شرمندگی کا باعث بنتارہا۔وطن سے بغاوت کرنے والے کچھ لوگوں نے وطن اور دین کی پرواہ نہ کی اور صرف چند پیسوں کی خاطر اپنا ایمان بیچ ڈالا اور جہاں ان کو وطن کی حفاظت کیلئے کھڑے ہونا تھا وہ وطن کے غداروں کی صف میں شامل نظر آئے۔اکثر اوقات ہم غداروں کو پکڑپانے میں اتنی دیر کردیتے ہیں جب تک وہ ہماری بنیادوں کوکھوکھلا کرچکے ہوتے ہیں۔
ناطق نے بھی ناول میں ایسے ہی ایک واقعے کو بیان کیاہے کہ جب ’’ضامن‘‘کہانی کا مضبوط کردار وزارت خارجہ کے دفتر میں چودھویں سکیل کے کلرک کی حیثیت سے کام کرنے لگا تو اس کے ساتھ کچھ ایسے حالات پیش آئے جن سے وہ لاعلم رہا کے کہیں نہ کہیں اسے ملک کے خلاف کام کرنے کی سازش میں شامل کیا جاتا رہا ہے۔یقینااس پر قلم اٹھانا مصنف کیلئے بہت بہادری کا کام ہے۔آج سے پہلے بھی اردو ناولوں میں ملکی حالات پر بات کی...
This article discusses the effectiveness of digital health services by looking at the challenges and obstacles for society. One form of public services implemented by the government for the community is meeting the need for quality public services and having an orientation to the effectiveness of services to the community that are needed. In the health sector itself, advances in information technology have greatly supported health services. This online system is of high quality to be implemented because the public and members of the medical system can receive and provide detailed and fast information with the help of computerized technology. Information technology has reached various fields of life including the health sector to help the efficiency and effectiveness of health services. Information technology that is properly implemented can support the management process to be effective and efficient. The corona pandemic is changing people's habits in visiting and consulting doctors at hospitals. However, digital-based health services have not been effectively accepted by the public from various service units. They still need improvements in terms of connectivity, content and clarity of regulations.
This research work focuses on design and analysis of low-cost, single-layer broadband reflectarrays for X-band applications. Traditionally, parabolic reflectors and phased arrays were introduced to obtain the high gain. The disadvantages associated with traditional antenna types include: narrow bandwidth, high fabrication cost and complex feed networks. Recently, reflectarray antennas have been developed to overcome the disadvantages associated with parabolic reflectors and phased arrays. High gain reflectarray antennas are typically employed in radars, satellite communication and direct broadcasting applications. Four different type of delay-lines integrated reflectarray elements which include: single circular delay-line, pair of circular delay-lines, quad-meander and T-shape delay-lines are designed to obtain a broad linear phase range, high gain and good aperture efficiency. The reflectarray unit element performance is investigated in terms of phase range, Transverse Electric (TE) and Transverse Magnetic (TM) modes and far-field radiation patterns. The reflectarray unit element is analyzed by using circuit model technique and equivalent circuit results are verified through High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS™). The circuit model technique replaces the lengthy full-wave simulation of FEM method. This method provides fast and accurate calculation of electromagnetic parameters i.e. magnitude and phase range. The unit element shape and configurations are used to extract the lumped parameters and reflection characteristics. The reflectarray antenna system contains a feed horn antenna and an arrangement of phase shifting array elements. A hybrid Finite Element Boundary Integral (FEBI) method is used for electromagnetic modeling of reflectarray antenna system. The FEBI method provides accurate electromagnetic analysis of complex and medium-to-large sized structures. The reflectarray far-field radiation characteristics are obtained by using the hybrid FEBI method. The reflectarray antenna system model comprises of feed horn antenna and array of phase shifting elements. The feed horn antenna and array elements are designed separately. The effect of the incident angle, feed-to-diameter ratio and transmission modes can easily be considered in the FEBI based system simulations. The proposed reflectarray prototypes are fabricated and measured on a low-cost FR-4 substrate. The reflectarray antenna measurements are made in anechoic chamber. A gain of more than 20 dBi is realized for the proposed reflectarray configurations. The simulated and measured cross polarizations and side-lobe-levels are below -20 dB in all design configurations. More importantly, simulated results are in good agreement with the measured results.