خلافت اور جمہوریت نتائج و عواقب عصر حاضر کے تناظر میں

Islām is a complete code of life. Man is the vicegerent and representative of Allāh. The role of vicegerent and caliphate can only be fulfilled in a complete manner, when the system of the Islamic Caliphate is established. It is the duty of Muslims to endeavor for establishing such a system in the world. The caliphate is the political title of Islām. It is, actually, the sovereignty of Almighty God on the earth. God creates its sovereignty by selecting the pious people from the humankind. With the help of Caliphate, unity, strength and equality can be established in the Muslim world. Democracy is the system of government, which is based on the wishes of the majority of the people of a state. However, the real democracy is the one in which wishes of people are directly or indirectly catered. An ideal democracy is the one in which all affairs of the country are run with the consultation of all the people. If the affairs of any state are run by the majority of the people, then that state will move towards its destruction. Allāh says, “O Muhammad.. ! If you obey most of the dwellers of the earth they will lead you astray from Allah’s way. ” The affairs of the Islamic state must not run by the wishes of the majority nor the minority of the people, but, on the values of truth and justice. The author of this paper presents a critical and comparative study of the Islamic Caliphate and democracy, and concludes that it is the Caliphate and not democracy, which is the true Islamic system of government.

علم کلام کی تشکیل نو استاد شہید مرتضٰی مطہری کی افکار کی روشنی میں

To get salvation in this world and in the world hereafter depends upon the belief in the doctrines of life presented by God Almighty. And to have access to these prescribed doctrines, one must be acquainted with Ilm-e-Kalam as it asserts true beliefs and rejects wrong ones. To understand Ilm-e-Kalam it is necessary to study the scholars of this field. Ustad Shaheed Murtaza Mutahari is one of the renowed philosophers, whose outstanding work in the form of numerous lectures and books proves his greatness and genius. So the given topic is the study of llm-e-Kalam in the light of Ustad Shaheed Murtaza Mutahari's thoughts. The thesis has been divided into six chapters. First chapter deals with the introduction of limitations of Mantiq (logic), the philosophy and its problems, and Ilm-e-Kalam and its evolution respectively. Second chapter analyses in detail the different branches of Kalam. Third chapter deals with the introduction of Shaheed Murtaza Mutahari, his education and his position as a scholar of Ilm-e-Kalam. Chapter four presents the views of Ustad Shaeed Murtaza Mutahari about Ilm-e-Kalam in detail. Chapter five shows how Ustad Shaheed Murtaza Mutahari has presented Islamic Doctrines related to various topics and Mutakalimeen. In chapter six Ustad Shaheed Murtaza Mutahari is compared to a few classic renowed scholars and to some modern ones to highlight his role in reconstruction of Ilm-e-Kalam. At the end, conclusions and suggestions are presented.