پاکستان میں مذہبی سیاست کا موجودہ انداز بھی حدود و قصاص قوانین نفاذ کے راستہ میں ایک بہت بڑی رکاوٹ ہے۔ ہمارے ملک میں لوگوں نے جب سے مذہب کو سیاست کی بنیاد بنایا ہے ۔ اس وقت سے یہاں مذہبی فرقوں کی بنیاد پر سیاسی پارٹیاں وجود میں آگئی ہیں ۔ جوں جوں یہ سیاسی پارٹیاں انتخابی میدان میں سرگرم ہوتی جاتی ہیں، ملک میں فرقہ وارانہ تنازعات کی شدت میں اضافہ ہوتا جاتا ہے۔ فرقہ وارانہ تنازعات کی شدت میں اسلام کے عمومی مقاصد پس پشت چلے جاتے ہیں اور جزوی اور فروعی اختلافات اہمیت اختیار کر لیتے ہیں۔ مزید برآں جب مذہب کی بنیاد پر لوگ انتخابی میدان میں آتے ہیں تو اس کا پہلا نتیجہ یہ نکلتا ہے کہ اسلام ایک اختلافی مسئلہ بن جاتا ہے۔
ممکن ہے بعض اہل علم اس رائے سے اختلاف کریں، لیکن گذشتہ پچھتر سال کا تجر بہ یہی بتاتا ہے کہ جب تک پاکستان میں مذہبی اور فرقہ وارانہ اپیل کی بنیاد پر ووٹ لینے والی سیاسی پارٹیاں موجود ہیں اور مذہب کے نام پر فرقہ وارانہ سیاست ہو رہی ہے ، تب تک ان قوانین پر عمل درآمد ممکن نہیں۔ کمال کی بات تو یہ ہے کہ جب تک پاکستان کی نون لیگ ،تحریک انصاف پارٹی اور دیگر سیاسی پارٹیوں کے قائدین اپنی تقاریر میں مذہبی ٹچ نہ دیں ۔ اس وقت تک ان کی تقاریر پھیکی رہتی ہیں ۔ چنانچہ جب تک اس طرح کی فضا سیاست کے میدان میں رہے گی، اس وقت تک پاکستان میں اسلام کے نفاذ کے راستے میں کوئی بڑی اور مثبت پیش قدمی نہیں ہو سکتی۔
Islam is a globally divine religion and a complete code of life that directs its believers in every sphere of life. Islam always strives for the development of peace and harmony, condemns war and allow it only for the sake of self-defence and protection but as war is a peculiar human activity especially in this global era, thus, Islam has determined appropriate principles for both War and Peace. Muslim attitudes to war and peace are based on the teachings of the Qur'an and the Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him). One of the salient feature of these teachings is giving considerable importance and protection to human values. The article in hands presents a research analysis of Islamic human-friendly Principles and Ethics of War and Peace.
The living organisms possess several types of rhythms interacting with each other and the outside dynamic environment, under the control of incalculable feedback systems performing orderly function to enable life. The alternations in the rhythms of physiological system help us to obtain information about the current state of living systems having substantial diagnostic value in context of human health and disease.The human body emits rhythmic alterations in form of recordable signals called biological signals which reflects the, characteristics, state, properties and the information about the physiological parameter such as heart, brain, muscles and genes etc. The large body published literature suggested that heart rate signals are most widely explored biological signals during last four decades. The electrocardiography (ECG) is used to detect abnormalities in the cardiac rhythms during the onset of cardiovascular problems. The rhythms of heart started to change long before the onset of disease, for which long term ambulatory ECG (AECG) recording is required. Therefore, 24 h or 48 h AECG monitoring is becoming vitally important for early detection of abnormal events to prevent onset cardiovascular disease and in various clinical settings. The variations in the beat-to-beat intervals called heart rate variability (HRV) reflects the cardiac autonomic control of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), via its sympathetic and parasympathetic branches. Reduced heart rate variability has been associated with the onset of pathological disturbances, aging and early warning signs of impending disease.During the last three decades, many linear and non-linear HRV analysis techniques have been proposed for the extraction of information from cardiac inter-beat interval time series data. In the recent past, few studies have been conducted to find the relation between heart rate (HR) and HRV. These studies either did not investigate the relationship between HR and HRV quantitatively or only considered linear HRV measures to find quantitative relationship between HR and linear HRV parameters. Under usual physiologic conditions, heart is not periodic oscillator, the linear HRV measures may fail to provide account for transient fluctuations in the RR-interval data. The nonlinear HRV measures have been used in numerous studies to account for transient fluctuations in the heart. The one direction of the study was to investigate the relationship of both linear and nonlinear HRV measures with HR. The result revealed inverse relationship between HRV metrics and HR for human and animal heart rate time series data. Recently, researchers proposed the idea of multiscaling for extracting information from biological signals and validated that biological signals provide dynamically incorrect information at single time scale. The second direction of the study was to assess, how multiscaling procedures affect the relationship between HRV parameters and heart rate. The results revealed inverse correlation between HR and HRV parameter at threshold values 1 to 5. Furthermore, the study focused on improving the classification ability of sign series descriptor acceleration change index (ACI) and proposed novel sign series measures for charactering the dynamics of healthy and pathological subjects. The dynamical information encoded in the interbeat interval time series was examined using scale based ACI measures (MACI and CMACI). The proposed scale base ACI measures were compared with ACI for assessing the computational performance. The ANOVA, Bonferroni post-hoc test, AUC, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, FDR, FOR and total accuracy were used for assessing the performance of ACI and scale based ACI for classifying healthy and pathological subjects. The results reported in the study depicted that scale based acceleration change index measures showed better classification between pathological and healthy groups at wide range of temporal scales.