الفتح الربانى لترتيب مسند الامام احمد بن حنبل الشيبانى میں شیخ احمد عبدالرحمن البنا الساعاتی کا منہج و اسلوب

Former Egyptian Muḥaddithīn of the each centuries have played a well-regarded, venerated and esteemed role in services of Ḥadīth and its sciences. Their outstanding contribution in this regard has been appreciated in each century of Islamic history. Those Muḥaddithīn have left valuable work on Ḥadīth and its sciences in their popular and basic sources of Ḥadīth for coming generations. Muḥaddithīn of 20th century were not less than the former in their involvement in the field of Hadith. Their dynamic and marvelous efforts are needed to be unveiled for scholars and students of Ḥadīth. Al-shaykh Abdur Raḥmān al Banna Al sāʻātī is known as one of the prominent Egyptian Muḥaddithīn in 20th century. He made extraordinary efforts in the field of Ḥadīth and its sciences through compiling and writing various remarkable books in this regard. His marvelous work in Alfatḥ Al-Rabbānī li Tartīb Musnad Al-Imām Aḥmad bin Hanbal Al-Shaybānī on Musnad Imām Aḥmad bin Hanbal in its rearranging, categorizing and organizing its Ḥadīth is deserved to be cherished and focused on due to its significance and importance in the field of Ḥadīth. He is the first Muḥaddith who presented the Aḥādīth of Musnad in seven outstanding chapters to facilitate the researchers in their accessing to the main theme of the Musnad. In this paper the life sketch of Al-Shayk Abdur Raḥmān, his scholarly contribution in the field of Ḥadīth and his methodology in his renowned book alfatḥ al-Rabbānī has been discussed and highlighted its valuable aspects.

Studies into Enhancing Productivity of Hybrid Maize Zea Mays L. under Various Agro - Management Practices

The research entitled “studies into enhancing productivity of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) under various agro-management practices” was sown at Post Graduate Agricultural Research Station, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad in two sets of field trials during Kharif 2005 and 2006. First experiment comprised of three levels of nitrogen viz. 150, 200 and 250 kg ha -1 and six duration of weed-crop competition i.e., 0 (weed free control), 2, 3, 4, 5 or 15 weeks (weedy check), then plots were maintained weed free till harvest. The second experiment, “utilization of allelopathy for reducing herbicide dose in maize sown at different plant densities” comprised of three plant densities (98765, 65884, and 49383 plants ha -1 ) and five weed control methods. Weed control methods were weedy check, Primextra gold 720 SC (atrazine 320 g L -1 + s-metalochlor 400 g L -1 ) at 1440 g a.i. ha -1 as pre-emergence, hand hoeing twice (20 and 40 DAS), one hand hoeing + earthing up (20 and 40 DAS respectively), Primextra gold 720 SC (atrazine 320 g L -1 + s- metalochlor 400 g L -1 ) at 720 g a.i. ha -1 (50 % reduced dose) + sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) water extracts each at 15 L ha -1 as pre- emergence. In both the experiments, the crop was sown on 67.5 cm spaced ridges in plots measuring 2.7m x7.0 m with the help of dibbler during 1 st . week of August. The results of the experiments in brief are: In first experiment, nitrogen levels from 150-250 kg ha -1 increased total weed density up to 26 % while their fresh weight 35% and that of weed dry weight up to 33%. Crop maturity was delayed by 3 days. Yield contributing factors like plant height (9%), kernel weight per cob (9-12%), 1000 kernel weight (4%), and thus final kernel yield (26%) was also enhanced with the higher doses of fertilizer-nitrogen. Therefore, for as the competition durations were concerned, they had positive effect on weed dynamics but negative effect on crop meaning thereby that more the weed crop competition duration lower the crop yield due to poor growth and yield contributing factors. Although the increased durations of weed crop competition resulted in yield losses, however, these losses were maximum (67%) in plots which received lower quantities of nitrogen (150 kg ha -1 ) and maximum weed crop competition i.e., 105 days (up to crop maturity) which indicated that more intensive weed management system is required under low fertility levels. It is pertinent to mention that the presence of weeds had minimum effect on crop growth at initial stages provided it is supplied with sufficient amounts of available 1nutrients like application of nitrogen at 250 kg ha -1 . Nitrogen levels had positive impact on quality of kernel (oil, protein, and starch) while duration of weed-crop competition had negative effect on quality of kernel. In second experiment, there was negative correlation between the densities of maize and weeds. The maize crop sown at density of 98765 plants ha -1 reduced the weeds per unit area (weed density) to the extent of 20% (40 DAS) and 24% (105 DAS). Similarly, the reduction in dry weight was 26% (40 DAS) and 20% (105 DAS). Maximum LAI (7.95), LAD (418 days), and CGR (23.69) were recorded under higher plant densities. Although the kernel weight per cob (79.96 g) and thousand kernel weight (242.93 g) were reduced when the crop was planted at higher densities but the final kernel yield was maximum (7.17 t ha -1 ). The best weed control method was one hoeing (20 DAS) in combination with earthing up (40 DAS), but application of reduced dose (50 %) of atrazine + S-metalochlor at 720 g a.i. ha -1 (half of label dose) in combination with sorghum + sunflower water extracts each at 15 L ha -1 proved to be economical as its MRR (3424 %) was maximum.