The “Crisis and Concerns: A cross-sectional study on Junior Doctors during COVID-19 pandemic”.

Introduction: Doctors committed to the care of patients are trying to fulfill their duty in a difficult situation, but the consequential impacts of COVID-19 outbreak on Junior Doctors mental health are far too complex. Objective: The objective of this study was to gain insight into Junior Doctors’levels of concerns during a global pandemic of COVID-19. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study, utilizing a 23-item validated questionnaire was conducted on two hundred and fifty doctors of various disciplines and nationalities working on training and non-training posts. Results: The response rate was (77 %) and the levels of concern score among Junior doctors during COVID-19 pandemic in the NHS was found to be (41.35±4.9). With regard to gender differences, 32.5% of males and 27.5% females had a moderate concern score of 40 to 47. In regard to safety at work (85%) agreed that they are not safe, (100%) agreed that they are at risk to contract a COVID-19 infection at work and (100%) felt that they will transmit COVID-19 to their families but (95%) agreed that were obliged to take care of patients. In addition, (97.5%) doctors were not confident with the current infection control measures and (77.5%) felt frustrated with poor infection control training offered to them. Conclusion: Therefore, measures to strengthen personal protection and adequate support to Junior Doctors should be addressed urgently by the Healthcare system. KEYWORDS: COVID-19, Doctors, PPE, Concerns, Psychological impact.  

A Study of Relationship Between Multiple Intelligence Categories and Learning Styles of Students at Secondary Level

A Study of Relationship Between Multiple Intelligence Categories and Learning Styles of Students at Secondary Level This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between multiple intelligence and learning style of students at secondary level in Pakistan. Using the population of Federal Government Girls secondary Schools Islamabad, The sample was selected from 17 schools in Islamabad and after getting the permission from the federal directorate 6 schools were selected for this study. Therefore one school was selected for pilot study and other six schools were selected for the main study. A learning style questionnaire, and multiple intelligence scale, was administered in sample schools. Learning style instrument, assessed individual's learning styles in three areas (visual, aural, kinesthetic). A second instrument, the Multiple Intelligence Development Assessment Scales, provided information regarding different intelligence categories, not generally available from standard intelligence and most aptitude tests. Statistical package for social science (SPSS-X) software was used to analyze the data in this study, Statistical technique (Pearson coefficient correlation and simple ANOVA) were used to examine the data. A one-way ANOVA was used to test the differences in multiple intelligence categories based on demographic information. Results revealed that the student's strongest preference was for tactile and aural learning style and there was significant relationship between multiple intelligence categories of secondary school students' with the above two learning styles. The data indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in multiple intelligence based on demographic information.