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Computerized Budget Information System for QAU Islamabad

Thesis Info

Author

Muhammad Kamal

Department

Deptt. of Anthropology, QAU.

Program

MSc

Institute

Quaid-i-Azam University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

1985

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

124

Subject

Anthropology

Language

English

Other

Call No: DISS/M.Sc ANT/385

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676717287169

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ہک دھی رانی دی فریاد

ہک دھی رانی دی فریاد
بولے جدوں بنیرے کاں

میں سمجھ جاندی ہاں
گل ہے ضرور اولی

تاہیوں کردا اے کاں کاں
کائی دس پیغام خوشی دا

مینوں درداں ماریا تھاں
میں کٹھی وچ ہجر دے

میری نکلی جاندی جاں
میرے سینے پھٹ انوکھا

کر سکدی نہیں عیاں
میری سن فریاد اے امبڑی

جے توں ہیں میری ماں
نہیں سُجھدے ریشم گوٹے

نہ محل چوبارے تھاں
نہ چوڑے ہار حمیلاں

نہ کنٹھا منگدی ہاں
نہ گانی نتھ نہ ِٹکّا

نہ منگاں حویلی تھاں
نہ ریشم لہنگے منگاں

نہ سونا چاندی چاہاں
نہ ہور قصیدے چوڑے

نہ قریشیے بانہاں
نہ مربعے، بھوئیں نہ بھانڈے

نہ کوئی لمبی……… لاں
نہ ریجھ مایا دی مینوں

نہ مجھ نہ وچھا گاں
ہک راز دلے وچ میرے

دس میں ہن کی کراں
تیرے لکھ احسان کروڑاں

بھل سکاں میں کداں
تیرا حکم میرے سر اکھیں

توں سکی میری ماں
اک خیر منگاں میں تیتھوں

نالے منگدی وی سنگاں
کر سکدی توں ہیں اماں

میری زندگی میرے ناں
جے میری گل توں منیں

میں اُڈّاں باہجھ پراں
جے نال رنجیٹھے ٹوریں

دل ٹھردا میرا تاں

Combatting Religious Extremism in Pakistan from the Youth Perspective

The rise of Islam, which emerged as a panacea for the world problems is seen as a problem itself by the west today. The reason for this blame is the rise of extremism and Islam phobia in the western societies. This has serious implicat-ions for personal, communal, national and international security. The involve-ment of youth in extremist exertions is very high. They are being more action-oriented, easy to be influenced by radical ideologies and as an agent for thrus-ting social change.  Keeping in consideration the role of youth in adopting to or combatting extremism, it is imperative to find the perception of this important population about the problem under investigation. The research study was conducted in six universities in the federal capital Islamabad to reach to the youth’s population. The research was guided by research questions that aimed at exploring students’ perception about extremism and its various dimensions. The researcher collected data through an open-ended questionnaire from 1840 students to seek an in-depth understanding of the problem. In order to increase credibility in the findings, the researcher conducted focused group interview with 12 young faculty members. The data from the questionnaires were conver-ted into percentages based on common themes. The interview data set were thematically analyzed to understand the causes of extremism and its suggested solutions. Recommendations were suggested to tackle the menace of extremism in Pakistan.  

Transport and Gas Sensing Properties of Cadmium Titanate Nanofibers

In this work AC & DC transport and sensing properties of cadmium titanate (CdTiO3) nanofibers have been investigated. Study of AC transport properties were explored using temperature dependent impedance spectroscopy. DC transport measurements were carried out using temperature dependent current-voltage (I-V) characterization. Cadmium titanate/polyvinyl-pyrrolidone composite nanofibers were prepared using an electrospinning technique. When temperature increased from 600 °C to 1200 °C the phase changes in CdTiO3 nanofibers were observed. The nanofibers annealed at 600 °C had ilmenite phase with a very small amount of CdO. Pure ilmenite phase was obtained at 950 °C. Annealing at 1000 °C yielded pure perovskite phase. Further increase in annealing temperature resulted in rutile TiO2 phase. The average diameters of nanofibers annealed at 600 °C and 1000 °C were found to be ~150 nm and ~600 nm, respectively. The length of nanofibers was ~100 μm. Analysis of frequency dependent AC conductivity in ilmenite phase revealed correlated barrier hoping (CBH) conduction from 318 K – 498 K. In perovskite phase, thermally activated small polaron hopping (SPH) conduction played dominant role from 320 K – 420 K. In DC transport, Ohmic behavior was observed at low voltages followed by space charge limited current (SCLC) with traps at higher voltages at all temperatures (200 K – 420 K). Humidity sensing characteristics of ilmenite phase were investigated. Fast response time and recovery time of 4 seconds and 6 seconds was observed, respectively. The sensor was highly sensitive and showed a reversible response with small hysteresis of less than 7%. Long term stability of the sensor was confirmed during 30 days test. Oxygen sensing using ilmenite and perovskite phase CdTiO3 nanofibers was also performed. The gas response of the ilmenite nanofibers sensor to oxygen gas was twice as high as that of the perovskite phase. The response and recovery times were 120 seconds and 23 seconds, respectively for ilmenite phase, whereas response and recovery times were 156 seconds and 50 seconds, respectively for the perovskite phase. Better oxygen sensing characteristics of ilmenite phase were attributed to large surface area ~9.41 m2/g and porosity.