''المواھب اللدنیۃ با لمنح المحمدیۃﷺ'' کا تعارفی و تجزیاتی مطالعہ An Analytical study of the

Although Imam Qusṭalānī, in compiling his book "Al-Mawāhib Al-Laduniyat Bil Minḥ Al-Muhammadiyah", has followed the footsteps of Qazi Ayaz’s book Al- Shifā. But many chapters and information are unique to them and he has expanded this book with his additions and made it a treasure trove of information. This book is a beautiful fusion of the traditions of Muhaddithin and Ahl-e-Siyyar. Because he was not only a muhaddith but also a biographer. Were his greatest service in the learning of Hadith is "Irshad Al-Sārī Sharh Saḥiḥ Bukhārī", there his most significant service in Sira is this book. He has used the traditions of both the narrators and the Biographers in compiling it. In this book, the locks of meanings are opened with the keys of Fatḥ Al-Bārī Li Ibn-e-Hajar ‘Asqalānī. In other words, he has benefited a lot from Fatḥ Al-Bārī Sharḥ Bukhari and has gained a lot of confidence. A large number of scholars have used this book, including Shiblī Nu‘mānī, who has made extensive use of it in his Sirat un-Nabiﷺ . Due to its popularity, many of its rates have been written. The most detailed of these is the Zurqānī rate of Qusṭalānī. The great scholar like Imam Zarqani has commented in eleven volumes of this book, which is proof of its authenticity, noteworthy, and worth reading and treasure. Sheikh Nūruddin Ṭrabulsī gave Sharh and great people like Safiuddin Qasashi, Burhanuddin Ibrahim Maimoni, Shamsuddin Muhammad Shobri Misri and Nooruddin Ali Qari embellished this book with their footnotes. On the one hand, it teaches love and respect for the Holy Prophet ﷺ and on the other hand, it mentions the rights of the Holy Prophet ﷺ and the rewards for their payment. The writing style of the book is simple and smooth as well as eloquent and eloquent. The temptation is not so long that the length will be too long for the reader, nor is it so short that access to the concepts and demands will not be possible due to the brevity. The book has been read by the people and it has been adopted by biographers as an authentic and reliable source. Because of its importance and usefulness, an introductory and analytical study of this book will be presented in this article.

Economic Efficiency of Milk Production in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

This study was carried out in three districts i.e Peshawar, DI Khan and Mansehra of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during the year, 2010 with the basic objective to determine the economic efficiency of milk production in the mentioned areas. The data from 300 livestock farmers (100 from each district) was collected by using multi-stage sampling technique. Descriptive statistics, stochastic frontier production function and cost function were used for determination of economic efficiency. Major determinants impacting economic efficiency of milking animals i.e herd size, dry fodder, green fodder, use of concentrate/oil seed cake, hired labor, permanent labor, medicine and vaccination cost and fees were studied. The results of descriptive statistics show that the average yield per day in case of buffalo, cow and goat were 6.71, 6.02 and 1.16 liters respectively. The average cost of milk production per annum per buffalo, cow and goat was found to be Rs. 20017, Rs.16092 and Rs.1321 respectively, while the revenue obtained by an average milk producer per buffalo, cow and goat was estimated as Rs. 26700, Rs. 23067 and Rs. 631. The results further revealed that 70% of the total variation in milk production of an average farmer was due to farmer specific technical inefficiency and the remaining differences were due to random error (i.e uncontrolled variation between observed and predicted values). Similarly, in terms of allocative efficiency, the results show that approximately 77% of the variation in the total cost of production among the farmers was due to the presence of alocative inefficiency. The results of the study show that rising age of livestock farmers was cause of decline in the efficiency and is recommended that the Government policy should focus on ways to attract and encourage young people who are agile and aggressive in dairy business. The study also recommends that buffalo are emerging as more efficient milk producing animal viii than cow in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, both economically and environmentally, therefore they should be given attention in the future strategies for promoting milk production and income of people in this province. Results of the study revealed that farmers having more experience are more efficient than those having comparatively less or no experience. It is, therefore, recommended that Livestock Association should be introduced at village level so that the expert farmers may share their experience with less experience farmers to enhance efficiency. Finally more focus should be given on education as high level of education of farmers have positive affect on their technical efficiency, therefore Government should plan policies to attract more educated people in livestock farming by providing more incentive for education. It is also recommended that livestock graduates should be offered credit for establishment of dairy farms and the credit should be on soft term and condition and returnable after ten years.