مولانا محمد سُورتی ؒ
پچھلے مہینہ کا سب سے اندوہناک علمی حادثہ مولانا محمد سورتی کی وفات ہے، مرحوم اس عہد کے مستثنیٰ دل و دماغ اور حافظہ کے صاحب علم تھے، جہاں تک میری اطلاع ہے اس وقت اتنا وسیع النظر، وسیع المطالعہ، کثیر الحافظہ عالم موجود نہیں، صرف و نحو، لغت و ادب و اخبار و انساب و رجال کے اس زمانہ میں در حقیقت وہ امام تھے، وہ چند ماہ سے مرض استسقا میں مبتلا تھے، علی گڑھ میں ان دنوں قیام تھا اور وہیں ۷؍ اگست کو بروز جمعہ وفات پائی۔
مرحوم کا اصلی وطن سورت (گجرات) تھا، وطن میں ابتدائی تعلیم پاکر یہ دلّی آئے اور رامپور میں مولانا محمد طیب صاحب مکی کا تلمذ حاصل کیا، میری ان کی پہلی ملاقات ۱۹۰۸ء میں ہوئی، جب مولانا طیب مکی رامپور چھوڑ کر دارالعلوم ندوہ لکھنؤ میں ادیب اول کے عہدہ پر فائز تھے، فاضل استاد کے ساتھ یہ لائق شاگرد بھی لکھنؤ وارد ہوا اور اس زمانہ سے لے کر اخیر تک ان کے ساتھ میری علمی رفاقت اور ذاتی دوستی کا سلسلہ قائم رہا، معارف بھی ان کے رشحات قلم سے کبھی کبھی مستفید ہوتا رہا ہے۔
مرحوم اس فضل و کمال کے باوجود ہمیشہ پریشان حال رہے اور کہیں ایک جگہ جم کر بیٹھنا ان کو نصیب نہ ہوا، اس کا نتیجہ یہ ہوا کہ ان کے علم سے استفادہ بہت کم کیا جاسکا اور کوئی کارآمد تصنیف بھی اپنی یادگار نہ چھوڑ سکے اور نہ کوئی لائق شاگرد ہی ان کا قائم مقام ہوسکا، البتہ چند جسمانی اولاد ان کی یادگار ہیں۔
ایک زمانہ میں جامعہ ملیہ دہلی میں معلم رہے، پھر بنارس کے جامعہ رحمانیہ میں مدرس ہوئے، بعد کو بمبئی میں ایک اہلحدیث مدرسہ میں حدیث کا درس دینے لگے تھے، ٹونک کے مشہور کتب خانہ کی...
Hazrat Abdul Rehman (may Allah be pleased with him) belonged to Arab tribe of Quraish and was a close relative of Mohammad (peace be upon him). At the time of conquest of Makkah He (may Allah be pleased with him) entered the circle of Islam. He (may Allah be pleased with him) is counted among the companions of Muhammad (may Allah be pleased with him) who came to sub-continent specially Balochistan in order to preach for Islam and Jihad during the Khilafat of orthodox caliphs. He (may Allah be pleased with him) came to Balochistan twice for Jihad and conquests first during the Khilafat of Hazrat Usman (may Allah be pleased with him) and second time in the early era of Hazrat Muawia (may Allah be pleased with him). He (may Allah be pleased with him) played a vital role in the wars of Balochistan. He (may Allah be pleased with him) established Zehri his abode and capital after conquering Kalat, Khuazdar (Sajistan), Kachi, Gandhava, and Chaghi, and from here he expanded the series of his conquests till Kabul and Qandar. Besides this, he included many areas of sub-continent in the Islamic empire of conquered areas. His (may Allah be pleased with him) life is consists of great chapters of sincerity in deeds. Wisdom and valor, determination fearlessness, strife, hospitality, simplicity and patience. He (may Allah be pleased with him) is counted among the great generals of Islam had the honour to have carried the message of Holy faith in every corner of Balochistan in tough and unfavorable conditions and planted the flag of Islam in Balochistan forever.
According to the emergent case of Web services in Pakistani banking sector, two types of preconditions are
investigated: technological preconditions and organizational preconditions vis-a-vis technically competent
human resource. Based on these, a set of qualitative and quantitative research methods were carried out beside
the bank direction, commercial staff and subscribed customers to technology based banking services.
The research illustrates that centralized architectures, fragmented information systems, organizational rigidity,
level of technological know-how and disregarding user's implication could be factors of slowness (or failure)
in implementing technology based banking services. E-banking has to be a delivery channel that replicates and
replaces many of the physical functions a bank currently performs. Hence, e-banking now becomes a virtual
banking counter that the individual and corporate customer to carry out the regular activities. Even e-banking
services are more electronic-based, but, it still strongly supports banking activities, therefore communication,
transaction and distribution (Peterson, Balasubramanian and Bronnenberg, 1997). There are number of
challenges that need to be faced by Pakistani banks, however, the opportunity in this industry is high due to the
current trend especially application and development of ICT.
The tremendous advances in technology and the aggressive infusion of information technology had brought in
a paradigm shift in banking operations. Internet banking that has revolutionized the banking industry world
wide has turned out to be the nucleus issue of various studies all over the world. However there has constantly
been a literature gap on the issue in Pakistan. Exploring online banking customer requirements allowed the
definitions of service criteria assuring customer satisfaction at the time of realization and so the factors
regulating the quality level of Internet banking services. Analyzing voice of the customer and building a
transformation framework bringing it into practice are the leading steps of the methodology and the most
important factors in regulating the level of quality of internet banking services.
Dove (2004) holds the opinion that failure to adapt to change in terms of skills development is professional
obsolescence. Khan (2004: Dawn) says that influx of insincere, non professional, incompetent recruitees in
banks in the aftermath of privatization badly affected the banking industry. This fact has been verified by Grip
and Zwick (2001:4) who opined in their study on "the employability of low-skilled workers in the knowledge
economy", changes in technology and occupation also spur shift in the kinds of skills needed to serve a specific
job, and any neglect to update the skills leads to professional obsolescence.
The continuous improvement in skills and knowledge in the Banks is vital and this view is supported by Grip
and Zwick (2001:4) and they state that "Both the upgrading of the skill level and the shifts in the type of
activities may deteriorate the applicability of skills the workers acquired in the past". The banks in Pakistan
are facing new challenges due to globalization of financial markets. The international banks are equipped with
modern technology, innovative products and services, skilled and knowledgeable human resource to capitalize
on the major and valued segment of the clientele. The local banking industry is directionless. It is due to lack
of required skills and knowledge the employees need to possess to perform their duties efficiently. Srivastava
(2003:68) describes about the emerging competitive environment where performance of an individual
depends upon different types of skills and knowledge and one of them is developing problem solving skills.
Sridhar (2003:31) states that genuinely identified training needs will address the issue of skills development.
Khan (2004:Dawn) proffers one significant remedy to improve the performance of banks which is
institutionalization of HRM and it entails placement of best man to best assignment, updating his/her
knowledge through refreshing courses, seminar on emerging banking and financial problems thereby heading
towards reduction in professional obsolescence.
Need-based trainings are the major tool to equip the human resource so as to make Pakistani banks sustainable
and competitive apart from other reform measures like further strengthening of Prudential Regulations,