Religiosity for Promotion of Behavior: Role of Islamic Worships in Moral Development of Muslim Youth

The question of moral rectitude and upbringing of youth in the current social arena is the contemporary discovery attributed to social and family norms that also undergo change due to social and economic reasons. Consequently, deferring levels of piety become more or less acceptable according to an individual’s surroundings and age. The study was done to determine the association between religiosity and behaviors likely to improve the moral, social and psychological habits of young Muslims. The discussion of the article contextualizes the effects of observing practices of Islam on a larger scale. A sample study of this research can be used as evidence to counter the contemporary environment which inevitably generates contradictions for young people. The contradictions result in uncertainty and materialistic atmosphere which does not cater to their spiritual needs and the requirements to develop as the youth of Ummah. Yet, we cannot stop or avoid the negative channels and their effects prevailing on the internet. We can; however, extend the positive spiritual energy in youth that is only possible through careful observance of religious practices comprising regular prayers, fasting, charity and pilgrimage (Hajj). The current apathy of our youth towards the religious injunctions may be attributed to social and family norms that are in some cases relative to the economic conditions and social backup. This will evaluate and assess the way and means of effective inlaying of moral fields where our young people can improve their moral aptitude and rectitude. The impasse of current moral turpitude can be shattered with the bounding relation of human activity and Islamic ritual.

Stability Analysis of Rice Recombinant Inbred Lines for Grain Yield

This studied were.conductted.to.assessed.the performanec rice.recombinant.inbred lines. (RILs), identify.the productive.environmental and quantify ginotypes × environmentt.interacttions (GEIS) affects on the yields. and.the yields.relattedtraits across all four locations of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.Province-Pakistan for.two consecutive years during rice growing seasons of 2017.and.2018. The ginotypes.included in the study comprised.87.rice.RILs.and three commercial cultivars while the eight.Environmental (four locations across two years) were Peshawar-2017 (EN-1), Mingora-2017 (EN-2), Manshera-2017 (EN-3), Charsadda-2017 (EN-4), Peshawar-2018 (EN-5), Mingora-2018 (EN-6), Manshera-2018 (EN-7) and Charsadda-2018 (EN-8). The combinned ANOVA showwed.significent.differances.amongsthe. environmental, ginotypes.and-GEIS-for the-studied-paramterse. Across eight Environmental, RIL AUP-3 displayed the least number of daysto.headding (110) .and.daysto maturitty (139) .and also showed maximum.1000-grains.weigth (30.0 g) and forgrains yield (4.1t h-1). AUP-30 produced the maximum numbers of the primaries (12.2) .and.secondaries.branchse.panicalss-1 (38.4), .spikeletts (239.4) and.grains (226) .panicals-1. Higher grain yield of AUP-30 in EN-3 (5.4 t h-1) and EN-7 (5.0 t h-1); AUP-3 in EN-1 (4.8 t h-1); AUP-29 in En-02 (4.6 t h-1); AUP-40 in EN-4 (3.9 t ha-1); AUP-1 in EN-5 (4.7 t ha-1); AUP-29 in E-06 (4.2 t ha-1) and AUP-40 in EN-8 (3.8 t h-1) .establlished.there.speciffic.adoptability.in.the.respectted.environmentals. Recombinant inbred lines AUP-3, AUP-29 and AUP-30 exhibited extreme valuse.for.the grainsyields.and.theyields relatted parameterss for across all environments, and could thereforebe.declarred.as.thehigh.yieldings.as well as thestable rice ginotypes. .Significent GEISs justified for further the analyses of data using the various.stabilitty .modless.like.addittive maine affects.and the multiplicattive. interacttions (AMMIs) .analyses, .ginotypes and ginotypes × environmentts (GGEs) biplott and stabilitty.parameters. The AMMIs biplottt .analyses .partittioned into GEISs sum.of squares intoseven princepals componints. The first two princepals componints.of.AMMI.analyses cumulativelly.explainned 55.3.%, 46.3.% and 52.1%.of veriation.due to GEIS.for days to.mayturity, grainspanicalss-1 and thegrains yield, respectively. The GGEs biplottt isa graphicall.tooles.to usedto identify.mega environments and to analyze multi environment experimental data for visual evaluation of ginotypes. The Ist two princepals componints cumulativelly.explainned.63.2%,.53.4%.and 50.9% of the totall veriations dues to GEISs.for the daysto maturitty,.grains.panicalss-1.and thegrains yields, .respectivelly. These.GGEs.biplottt.also.showed.ginotypes.AUP-3 and AUP-30 as the ideal.ginotypes for thegrains panicalss-1 and thegrains yields. The.stabilitty.parametres.such.as coefficeint.of veriation (C.V), .reggression coefficient. . (bi), .deviattion from regressions (S2di.) .and small stabilitty variences (σi2).observed.for.days.to.maturity.were within.acceptable range of 5.5%, 0.97, 0.032 and 5.86, respectively for.ginotypes.AUP-3. Ginotypes.AUP-3.and.AUP-30.showed mean grains panicals-1 of 214.and 226; CV value 9.9%.and.11.20.%; bi value of.0.98 and 1.06; S2di of 6.45.and.16.42.and σi2 of 116.6 and 127.2, respectively. In.case of.grain yield, maximum yield.of 4.1.t.ha-1 each was noted for ginotypes AUP-3 and.AUP-30.with CV of 13.2 and 11.4%; bi.of 0.98 and 0.96; S2di of 0.008 and.0.006.and σi2 of 0.792 and 0.762, respectively. .Based on the current study, ginotypes.AUP-3.and.AUP-30.were not only the highest yielding .but also the stable.lines.and.can.be recommended for commercialization of rice production.in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.