مکی دور نبوت اور مسلم اقلیت کافقہ السیرۃ کی روشنی میں سماجی مطالعہ

The life of Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) is described as role model in Holy Quran for all the Muslims and known as Uswa.e. Hasna. So, the importance of the life history of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) in every period before prophet hood and as a prophet cannot be denied in any walk of life. But the makki period of the Prophet’s life has not enlightened in such a way as it has importance. Many aspects of makki period has been discussed in history and seerah writing but along with this a lot of aspects has been not given due importance in contemporary seerah writing. The basic sources of hadith o seerah provides lots of material on this aspect. In the makki period, Muslims were in minority and they had to face a lot of religious, social, economic and political issues in their lives. Now a days, in modern world majority of Muslims lives in western and non. Muslim societies and have to spend their lives as minority in that socities. In a state of minority, they have to face a lot of religious, social and economical issues in their lives. These problems can be solved in the light of seerah especially from the teachings of makki period, it can provide a lot of religious solutions in contemporary societies in a better way. This article will throw light on teachings of makki period and discuss the solutions of Muslim’s problems as minority in the light of fiqh. Ul. Seerah.

Measuring the Effectiveness of Brand Positioning Perceived by Consumers: A Comparative Study of Selected Cellular Companies

The role of brand positioning is vibrant and central in marketing and the consumers' perception is directly shaped by employing the suitable positioning strategy. Regardless the significance of positioning concept, however, there is scant study observed; how positioning substitutes contribute to build the consumer perception, which positioning strategy outperforms and how it can be measured effectively. The current study mode is quantitative and relative effectiveness of positioning strategies (feature, direct, indirect, surrogate-usage) is measured empirically regarding consumer viewpoint. The multidimensional scale is used to measure the relative effectiveness. The measuring items comprise of four dimensions that are favorability, dissimilarity, uniqueness, and credibility. The total numbers of items that are associated with these dimensions are seventeen. The relative performance of positioning strategies is observed hypothetically. For this purpose, four print ads of real brands from cellular industry are selected. The statistical technique that is applied is ANCOVA by considering age and monthly income as covariates. Descriptive statistics was also incorporated in analysis part. Relative effectiveness is noticed between the positioning strategies during interpretation and discussion on the statistical results. Moreover, some limitations are reported along with the associated directions for future research.