استفہام بمعنیٰ تعجب
استفہامیہ اسلوب تعجب کے لیے بھی استعمال ہوتا ہے جیسے آیت کریمہ:
"يَاأَيُّهَا الْإِنْسَانُ مَا غَرَّكَ بِرَبِّكَ الْكَرِيمِ"۔ [[1]]
"اے انسان تجھے کس چیز نے اپنے اس پروردگار کے معاملے میں دھوکا لگا دیا ہے جو بڑا کرم والا ہے ) میں استفہامیہ اسلوب اظہار تعجب کے لیے ہے کہ اگر خدا تمہیں برابر ڈھیل دے رہا ہے تو تم نے اس ذات کریمی سے بہت سخت دھوکا کھایا"۔
" أَيَحْسَبُ الْإِنْسَانُ أَلَّنْ نَجْمَعَ عِظَامَهُ”[[2]]
"کیا انسان یہ سمجھ رہا ہے کہ ہم اس کی ہڈیوں کو اکٹھا نہیں کر سکیں گے؟"
"أَيَحْسَبُ الْإِنْسَانُ أَنْ يُتْرَكَ سُدًى “[[3]]
"کیا انسان یہ سمجھتا ہے کہ اسے یونہی چھوڑ دیا جائے گا؟"۔
ان آیات میں اللہ تعالیٰ حیرت و استعجاب کے ساتھ کہ رہا ہے کہ انسان آفاق وانفس کی تمام نشانیوں اور اپنی خلقت و ممات کو دیکھتے ہوئے بعث بعد الموت کے بارے میں شک میں پڑا ہوا ہے کیا اسے یہ پوری کائنات نظر نہیں آتی۔ کیا اسے غیر مسؤل چھوڑ دیا جائے گا۔
" مَا لَكُمْ كَيْفَ تَحْكُمُونَ"[[4]]
"تمہیں کیا ہو گیا ہے ؟ تم کیسی باتیں طے کر لیتے ہو "۔
یہ متکبرین سے بانداز تعجب سوال ہے کہ تمہیں کیا ہو گیا ہے کس طرح کے فیصلے کرنے لگے ہو کہ آخرت اور جزا سزا کو نہیں مانتے ۔
" لِأَيِّ يَوْمٍ أُجِّلَتْ ، لِيَوْمِ الْفَصْلِ"۔ [
Women employment is a practical issue of the modern age. It is adopted by almost all the nations and countries of the world. In the western countries rights of women including employment, trade, property, education etc were recognized after the efforts ofWomen Liberation Movement. However, in Islam these were declared their basic rights since the first day. A western woman is bound to earn her livelihood as it is not the duty ofa western man to provide her basic needs. However, in Islam a woman is legally protected for the provision of all her basic needs and it is the duty of her father, brother, husband and son to provide these to her. Islam permits a woman to do a job or carry out trade activities and earn money subject to some conditions. These may be carried out by the permission of her husband, father, etc. Besides employment, a woman should perform her obligations at her home and family, which is her basic duty. She must be careful about her husband and children rights. She must observe Hijab and abstain from mixing with non-mehram men and should follow other social teachings of Islam. Wealth earned by her is considered her property and she can spend it any way at her discretion. Study of Islamic History revealed that many of the wives of the prophet (Sallalla ho alaihe wassalam) and Sahabiyat (RA) carried out business activities and performed other jobs and thus earned money. They spent it to assist the Prophet's noble cause and to assist their husbands and to care their children. These activities were considered authorized and endorsed by the prophet (Sallalla ho alaihe wassalam)
Lead is an important environmental toxic waste which almost contaminate the food, soil, water and air, hence, insects could be influenced easily by the lead. Therefore, lead was studied in the form of lead acetate using different doses. viz 0.125 mg., 0.25 mg., 0.5 mg., 1.0 mg and 2.0 mg, inrespect of its effects on external morphology of Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera zonata, Bactrocera cucurbitae, Drosophila melanogaster and Musca domestica at 48 hours post treatment. It was observed that under the influenced of lead morphological abnormalities were developed in the larvae of flies. Morphological changes were observed as elongated wings, de-shaped wings, elongated and folded legs, change in color of larvae, pupae and adults, several other structural abnormalities of larvae and pupae shape were also observed. It is shown that Dipterous flies could present a useful module for the assessment of lead contamination. The effect of lead acetate on proteins of five species of dipterious flies Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera zonata, Bactrocera cucurbitae, Drosophila melanogaster and Musca domestica were also observed through electrophoresis, while Egg albumin 42.7 kDa was used as a reference protein and various proteins of different weights were found altered.