مولانا مفتی عتیق الرحمن
۱۲؍ مئی ۸۴ء کو ہندوستان کے نامور عالم مولانا مفتی عتیق الرحمن فالج کے موذی مرض میں ایک طویل مدت تک مبتلا رہ کر ۸۴ سال کی عمر میں اس دارفانی سے رحلت گراے عالمِ جاودانی ہوئے۔
ان کے اس مرض کی المناکی دارالمصنفین سے بھی بڑی حد تک وابستہ ہے، اس لئے اس ادارہ کے خدام ان کی وفات حسرت آیات سے بہت سوگوار ہیں، فروری ۱۹۸۲ء میں یہاں ’’اسلام اور مستشرقین‘‘ پر جو سیمینار ہوا تھا، اس میں وہ شرکت کے لئے تشریف لائے تھے، تین روز یہاں بہت ہنسی خوشی سے گذارے، اس کے ایک اجلاس کی صدارت بھی کی، خوش خوش یہاں سے اور شرکاء کے ساتھ روانہ ہوئے تو ریل ہی میں بارہ بنکی کے پاس ان پر فالج کا سخت حملہ ہوا، ان کے ہم سفر مولانا سعید احمد اکبر آبادی اور مولانا سجاد حسین نے ان کو کسی طرح لکھنؤ کے ہسپتال میں داخل کیا، ان کی طبیعت کچھ سنبھلی تو پھر دہلی لے جائے گئے، اس وقت سے اپنی وفات تک تقریباً سوا دو سال تک بستر ہی پر رہے، خیال ہوتا ہے کہ وہ دارالمصنفین کا سفر نہ کرتے تو اس موذی مرض میں مبتلا نہ ہوتے، مگر مشیتِ ایزدی یہی تھی، راقم ان کی عیادت کے لئے کئی بار ان کی خدمت میں حاضر ہوا ان کا جسم تو بیکار ہوچکا تھا، مگر دماغ بیدار رہا، گفتگو میں وہی روانی اور شیر ینی ہوتی جو ان کی طبیعت کا مخصوص رنگ تھا، ہر قسم کے مسائل پر گفتگو کرتے، مگر زیادہ تر دارالعلوم دیوبند کے قضیۂ نامرضیہ پر اظہار خیال کرتے، ایسا معلوم ہوتا کہ وہاں کا المیہ پیش نہ آتا تو اس مرض میں مبتلا نہ ہوتے اور ہوتے بھی تو اتنے دنوں تک بستر علالت پر پڑے نہ رہتے، دارالعلوم دیوبند...
Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, like many aristocratic Englishmen in the age of Empire in the late 19th century, took an interest in the Muslim populations of the colonies being governed by Britain. As a prolific writer and poet, his approach differs from his contemporaries in being, on the whole, genuinely sympathetic to Islam. In his book ‘The Future of Islam’ he shows how important the power of Islam in coming centuries is likely to be, and touches upon many important topics, such as the growing spread of Islam in the world and possible adjustments to the Caliphate. He would like to see the formation of a friendly association between Great Britain and the Muslims of the world in the political interests of Britain. Inevitably, many of his predictions and wishes did not materialize in the 20th century. Wilfred Scawen Blunt [1840-1922] was an English gentleman who followed the leisurely pursuits available to affluent members of Victorian society, i.e, travelling and poetry. His travels in the Middle East made a powerful impression on his intellectual and emotional sensibilities. As E.M. Forster wrote in his essay on Blunt, he ‘was drawn to Islam, and at one time thought of professing it.’1 He was, no doubt, in sympathy with the subjugated peoples of the Middle East and with the Indians of South Asia who were groaning under the colonial yoke. Further in the essay, Forster writes, ‘Egyptians found him too proTurkish and Indians too anti-British.’2 This attitude was unique for a stolid Englishman of the time of the ‘highnoon of Empire’. Blunt feared the advance of European powers in Oriental lands. Forster further writes: ‘His detachment is amazing. He dreaded a war because it must involve Asia and Africa, and complete the enslavement of the conservative Oriental nations, whom he loved and who loved him……
Biodiversity is the source of energy and goals to maintain ecosystem for future. Present study of “Biodiversity and molecular characterization of Spider fauna of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa” was carried out in districts (Mardan, Swabi, Malakand, Swat, Dir Lower, Dir Upper, Peshawar, Charsadda, Kohat, Hangu, Karak, Lakki Marwat, Dera Ismail Khan, Mansehra, Battagram and Bajur Agency (F. A. T. A) from 2013 to 2016 in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. All the species were collected during different times of seasons but mostly from March to November of above mention years. The specimens of spiders were collected through hand picking, beat sheet, pitfall trafs and sweep nets in different ecological niches. Preserved specimen were observed under stereomicroscope with supply of light, While pictures were taken by Leca MZ 16 microscope with power light and diagram ofmales and females genitalia were drawn with compound microscope with tube camera (Lecucida). Also, Molecular work was carried out, to extract DNA from four legs of spider species of subtribe Aelurillina (Salticidae) by DNA extraction kits. Four genes (28SrDNA, Wingless, 16S-ND1, COI) were amplified and sequenced by using primers. This study admits nine families of spiders (Araneae) contain twenty Six Genera and distributed in thirty seven species. The species are Aelureillus sp.nov, Aelureillus logunov, Bianor albobimaculatius, Bianor Pujabiicus, Carrohotus sannii, Castianeira sp.nov., Clubiona sp.nov., Crossopriza maculipes, Epocilla sp.nov., EvarchaArabeca, Hasarius adansonii, Heteropoida afghan, Hippasa paritita, Langona calcarata, Langona sp.nov., Lycosa sp.nov., Myrmarachni bicuirvata, Olios sanguinifrons, Oxyopies javana, Pardosa birmanica, Pardosa chaihraka, Pardosa flavisteirna, Peuceitia Arabica, Phelgra bresnieri, Plexippus Kondarensis, Plexippus paykulli, Plexippoides flavescens, Pseudicius admirandus, menemerus nigli (female first time described), steinaelurillus sp.nov., Thanatus fornicatius, Thyene Imperialis,Xysticus preuidocristatus, Yaginumaella sp.nov.,Zelotes spinuilosus. These Species are distributed in genera Bianor, Carrohotus, Castianeira, Chinattus, Clubiona, Crossopriza,Epocilla, Evarcha, Hasarius, Heteropoda, Hippasa, Olieos, Oxyopies,Lycosa,Myrmarachni, Pardosa, Peuceitia, Phlegra, Plexippous, Plexippoides,Pseudicius, Rhene, Thyene,Steinaelurillus, Xysticus, Yaginumaella, Zelotes and consitituted by the Families Corinnidae Clubionidae, Lycosidae Oxyopidae, Philodromidae, Pholcidae, Salticidae, Sparassidae, Thomisidae,. Present study determined 10 new to science species from genera Aelureillus, Castianeira, Chinattus, Clubiona, Epocilla, Evarcha, menemerus Female, Langona, Lycosa, Rhene, Steinaelurillus, Yaginumaella, some of them have been submitted for publication. The more diverse family is Salticidae with 14 genera and 23 species. The aim of the present study was to know the current status of unexplored region for spiders biodiversity with molecular phylogenetic studies to show the present relations of species with their ancestors. We recommend future work on Taxonomy, Biodiversity and Molecular Phylogenetic study of araneae and related arachnids of Pakistan.