میرا بستہ
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معزز اسا تذہ کرام اور میرے ہم مکتب ساتھیو! آج مجھے جس موضوع پر اظہار خیال کا کہا گیا ہے وہ ہے:’’میرا بسۃ ‘‘
معزز سامعین!
میرابستہ کا تصور جب ذہن میں آتا ہے تو فوراً ایک طالب علم کی تصویر ذہن میں گردش کرنا شروع کر دیتی ہے ایک علم کے متلاشی کا تصور پیدا ہو جا تا ہے۔ تشنگانِ علم دماغ کی سکرین پرنمودار ہونا شروع ہو جاتے ہیں۔
صاحبِ صدر!
یہ بستہ ہی تو ہے جو کسی نہ کسی صورت میں اپنا وجود برقرار رکھے ہوئے ہے وہ کتنے خوش نصیب لوگ ہوتے ہیں جو بستہ سے پیار کرتے ہیں، جو بستے کو حرزِ جاں بناتے ہیں، جو بستہ کے ساتھ وابستہ رہتے ہیں، جو بستہ کی خوبیوں سے کما حقہ واقف ہوتے ہیں ، جو بستے میں موجودعلمی ہیرے و جواہرات اٹھاتے ہوئے اپنے سر فخر سے بلند کرنا شروع کر دیتے ہیں۔
جنابِ صدر!
میرا بستہ یہ طالب علم کہہ رہا ہے جس کے شب وروزعلم کی تلاش میں گزرتے ہیں جس کے لیل و نہار معلوماتِ عامہ کے حصول میں صرف ہوتے ہیں، جس کے لمحات زیست اپنے استاد کی خدمت میں گزرتے ہیں، جو بستہ کے ذریعے جبال شامخہ کی سینہ شگافی کرنا چاہتا ہے، جو بستہ کے ذریع فضاء میں پرواز کا متمنی ہے، جو بستہ کے ذریعے کھیت و کھلیان سے مال وز رنکالنا چاہتا ہے، جو بستہ کے ذریعے چاند پر سفر کرنے کا آرزو مند ہے، جو بستہ کو اُٹھا کر خدمت اسلام کے لیے کمربستہ ہونا چاہتا ہے۔
جنابِ صدر!
بستہ سے محبت سلف صالحین کا وطیرہ رہا ہے، علامہ اقبال رحمۃ اللہ علیہ نے بستہ اٹھایا تو حکیم الامت بن گئے۔ محمد...
Almighty sent his chosen prophets to every Ummah to teach them the lesson of goodness and to avoid evil. The purposes of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) were reform processes: to teach and guide, and pushed the people to Almighty Allah. According to the narrative in Islamic law, everyone's either Muslim or non-Muslim, relative or/neighbor has determined the right to live things. And good conduct is that because Abdullah bin Mubarak said That is, "Meeting old habits, doing righteousness, and forbidding people to hurt you". If human behavior is good then its own life will also pass through fortune and joy, and it will also be the mercy and chain of things for others. Collective relations, interacting with the recipients, and the Family system, is proven to be a source of intelligence. The result of the happy moral is Reality and Heaven of Arman al-Rahman, and the fulfillment of the Prophecy is the wrath of Lord Koran and the Fire of Hell.
The work presented in this thesis concerns the synthesis of various sulfonamide derived Schiff bases by the equimolar reaction of sulfonamides e.g., sulfamethazine, sulfadiazine, sulfathiazole, sulfanilamide, sulfamethaxazole, 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene sulfonamide, 4- (methyl)benzenesulfonamide, sulfisoxazole and sulfaguanidine with the respective aldehydes such as 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde, 5-bromosalicylaldehyde and 2- hydroxynaphthaldehyde. The free amino group (NH2) of the sulfonamide moiety condense with the carbonyl (HC=O) group of aldehydes to achieve the target of twenty- one new sulfonamide derived Schiff base (L1)–(L21) compounds. The structures of newly synthesized sulfonamides were elucidated by their physical, spectral (IR, 1H and 13 C NMR and mass) and analytical (CHN analysis) data. X-ray diffraction studies on nine sulfonamides were carried out to confirm the structures of 4-(5-chloro-2- hydroxybenzylideneamino)-N-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (L1), 4- [(E)-(5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino]benzenesulfonamide (L4), 4-{2-[(5-chloro- 2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino]ethyl}benzenesulfonamide (L6), 4-chloro-2-[(E)-({4-[N- (3,4-dimethylisoxazol-5-yl)sulfamoyl]phenyl}iminio)methyl]phenolate (L8), 4-[(5- bromo-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino]-N-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)benzenesulfon amide-4-bromo-2-[(E)-({4-[(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)sulfamoyl]phenyl}iminio) methyl]phenolate (L10), 4-[(E)-(5-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]benzene sulfonamide (L13), 4-{[(E)-(5-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]amino}-N-(5- methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide benzylidene)amino]ethyl}benzenesulfonamide (L14), 15 (L ) 4-{2-[(5-bromo-2-hydroxy and 4-bromo-2-((E)-{4-[(3,4- dimethylisoxazol-5-yl)sulfamoyl]phenyliminiomethyl)phenolate (L17). The synthesized sulfonamide derived Schiff base were used as ligands for complexation reaction with a number of metalloelements [Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)] using in a molar ratio of L : M as 2 : 1. The nature of bonding and structure of all the metal(II) complexes have been deduced by their physical (conductivity, magnetic measurements), spectral (IR, 1H and 13 C NMR and electronic) and analytical (CHN analysis) data. The result of these studies revealed an octahedral geometry for all the metal(II) complexes. Due to amorphous nature of the metal(II) complexes, their crystals could not be formed for X-ray diffraction studies. In order to evaluate the biological role of these compounds and the effect of metalloelements on the nature of their biological activity, all the synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities against four Gram–negative (Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi) and two Gram–positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) bacterial strains and against six fungal strains (Trichophyton longifusus, Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, Microsporum canis, Fusarium solani and Candida glabrata) using agar-well diffusion method. The result of these studies revealed that majority of the compounds showed significant (~80%) to moderate (~50%) antibacterial/antifungal activity. The activity however, was enhanced upon chelation/coordination with the metalloelements: some compounds, which were non- active, became active and moderate active became significantly active. Amongst all the compounds, the zinc(II) complexes showed the highest activity. The brine shrimp (Artemia salina) bioassay was also carried out to study in vitro cytotoxic activity. These studies revealed that several compounds displayed potent cytotoxic activity as LD50 in the range of 4.898 x 10-4 to 6.745 x 10-4 M/mL.