شکرانہ
ایس کتاب دی ترتیب تے تیاری وچ میرے نال جیہڑے جیہڑے مہرباناں نیں تعاون کیتا اے اوہناں وچ ممتاز قانون دان میاں سعید احمد ایڈووکیٹ ضلع کچہری اوکاڑہ، میاں وحیدالدین عرضی نویس ضلع کچہری اوکاڑہ، میاں مسعود الحسن گنج قادری ، حاجی منیر احمد الحمد آئل ملز آف قبولہ شریف ، پروفیسر محمد حسین لنگاہ ڈگری کالج بہاول نگر،سید انیس الرحمن گیلانی تے سب توں ودھ کے اعجاز احمد کمپیوٹر والیاں دا وی بے حد تعاون شامل حال رہیا تے بہاول نگر دی معروف شخصیت میاں علی احمد سنگلہ صاحب جنہاں دا رقم نال مالی تعاون مثالی رہیا۔
میں اوہناں بھراواں دا بڑا شکر گزار ہاں پئی انہاں دی مدد تے معاونت دے نال اے کتاب عملی طور تے چھپ کے ساڈیاں ہتھاں وچ موجود اے۔ اللہ پاک اوہناں دوستاں دے علم ، عمل تے عمر وچ خیرو برکت عطا فرماوے۔(آمین)
اقبال قادری
Fashionable dressing is a very sensitive issue for females, it creates sometimes confusion that what are the limits and orders of “Shariah” for it. So I try to inform all females a proper dress code in the light of Islamic “Shariah”. Islam is not against the fashion but it says that it should be only for “Mahrams” and it should not be out of limits. So the article deals to clarify needs and importance of dress, dress codes in Islam as well as the usage of different type of dressings like thin, fitted, expensive and costly, male dresses, uneven (not according to Islam) etc. It will clarify the confusion which makes us confused in fashionable dressing and how much it is allowed to keep them in use. Islam has provided guidance in dressing like in any other fields of life as well as fashion is allowed by Allah as blessing but according to the rules and regulation of Islamic “Shariah” and do not try to go against it. That is why we have to be aware and careful while fashioning.
Capital structure is the ratio of debt and equity. This study determines the key contributors of an optimal capital structure. To better analyze the capital structure, corporate governance (via the three categories of ownership structure, namely insider ownership, institution ownership and individual ownership) is included. This element helps understand the presence of agency costs and the role of management in deciding the capital structure of a firm. A panel data set since 2005-2014 of 249 non-financial companies listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange has been used. To best handle the data set, Generalized Method of Moments (0MM) technique is used. The results suggest that the ownership categories of insider ownership, institution ownership and individual ownership when taken at lag (with market leverage being the dependent variable) are statistically significant and negative. Variables such as Return on Assets (ROA), Tobins Q, Tangibility and Product Market Share are statistically significant when book value of leverage is the dependent variable. Altman Z Score, which measures risk, is the only variable that is statistically significant and negative when the dependent variable (book or market value of Leverage) is used. In the case of speed of adjustment, the variables yield similar results in fixed and random effects. The ownership categories continue to be positively significant contributors to the adjustment.Moreover, the current liabilities variable is also a negative significant contributor to this adjustment variable. The stakeholders of this study are the firm owners and investors. The primary aim of this study is to provide valuable policy directives for all the concerned stakeholders. The presence of atzency costs and its resulting impact on the firms' capital structure would help the management to tackle their issues better