كلمة الأدب على مر العصور

Literature, among almost all nations, has always been a source of cultural unity & identity. It’s a deep rooted tree quenching the intellectual and cultural thirstiness. Arabic Language, of course deserves to be called a nourishing language-bringing up- for centuries- the nations came up under Islamic caliphate. Almost all world literature is a molded shape of Arabic key sources. Moreover, Arabic language bestowed to look into latent works of Roman. Thus Arabs are the pioneers of presenting quality works-believing in the utilitarian aspect to the world. This language has benignity to collect the then world literature for the purpose of universal awareness. So much more literary works were translated into Arabic with a view to ponder, to discourse and finally to infer. I have presented in this article a glimpse of how the word literature in its pure Arabic context denoted certain contextual definitions since the origin (pre-Islamic period) till the late 4th century A.H.

وصف الادوات البلاغیۃ فی السور المکیۃ فی ضوء التفسیرین الجلالین و البیضاوی

"Description of rhetorical devices in Makki Surah in the light of Tafseer Jalalain and Tafseer Baidhawe" No doubt that the Holy Quraan is different from all other books by its style, subject and rhetoric. It is impossible for any other book to be like Holy Quraan. This Thesis is related to research on the rhetorical devices/points in Makki Surahs. For the analytical and rhetorical study, two renowned Tafaseer (Exegeses) have been selected c.e; Tafseer Jalalain and Tafseer Baidhawee. In this research I have focused on points being discussed in three fields of rhetoric: 1. Ilmul bayan 2. llmul maanee 3. llmul badie The research topic carries out in accordance with the following classifications. Chapter 1: is related to the history of Arabic rhetoric and its effect on the Quraanic Tafseer. It consists of three sub-chapters. Chapter 2: deals with the rhetorical points in Makki surahs in the light of Tafseer-i-Jalalain. It consists of five sub-chapters. Chapter 3 deals with the rhetorical points in the Makki surahs in the light of Tafseer-al- Baidhawee. It consists of four sub-chapters. Chapter 4: points out the resemblances and differences comparatively in the two selected Tafaseer i.e Jalalain & Baidhawee in rhetorical points.