روشؔ صدیقی
افسوس ہے کہ گزشتہ مہینہ روش صدیقی نے دفعتہ انتقال کیا، مرحوم اپنے اوصاف اور خصوصیات میں منفرد تھے، جس کی مثال اس دور کے شعراء میں کم ملے گی، وہ جس درجہ کے شاعر تھے، اسی درجہ کے انسان بھی تھے، ان کی موت سے ایک باکمال شاعر ہی نہیں بلکہ اخلاق و شرافت کا ایک پیکر اٹھ گیا، ان میں مشرق تہذیب کی ساری خوبیاں اور وضعداریاں جمع تھیں، شاعری میں ان کا پایہ بہت بلند تھا، وہ صاحب طرز شاعر تھے، سیکڑوں شعراء میں ان کا کلام ممتاز نظر آتا تھا، وہ ان شعراء میں تھے جن سے شاعری کا بھرم اور وقار قائم تھا، ان کو نظم اور غزل دونوں میں یکساں قدرت حاصل تھی، ان کی نظموں میں تغزل کی لطافت و رنگینی اور غزلوں میں تغزل کے کیف و سرور کے ساتھ نظم کا شکوہ و تجمل ہوتا تھا، ان کی فارسی استعداد بہت اچھی تھی، اور اس کا سارا حسن ان کے کلام میں جلوہ گر تھا، ظاہری حسن کے ساتھ معنوی حیثیت سے اس میں بڑی بلندی اور پاکیزگی تھی، اور وہ ان من الشعر الحکمۃ وانٔ من البیان السحر کا مصداق تھا، مذہب میں راسخ العقیدہ اور عملاً پابند مذہب مرد مومن تھے، اس سے ان کو دنیاوی نقصان بھی اٹھانا پڑا، مگر اس کی انھوں نے مطلق پروا نہ کی، ان کی شخصیت بڑی دلآویز تھی، چھوٹا سا قد ہنستا ہوا شگفتہ و شاداب چہرہ اس پر اخلاص و محبت کی موجیں دل کو کھنچ لیتی تھیں، دارالمصنفین کے کارکنوں سے ان کو بڑا مخلصانہ تعلق تھا، جب اعظم گڑھ کے نواح میں آنا ہوتا تو ملنے کے لئے ضرور آتے تھے، ادھر ڈیڑھ دو سال سے ملاقات نہیں ہوئی تھی، ایک دن دفعتہ ریڈیو نے ان کی مرگ ناگہانی کی خبر سنائی، اس کو...
West generally blames the Muslim world on the grounds that it does not accede to freedom of expression. But in fact, Islam gave the right of freedom of expression for the first time in history. In Rome before Islam was introduced, the rulers used to enslave the masses. Greek ministers, Roman Catholic pastorates, Spanish Inquisitions and the ministerial experts used to rebuff the individuals who used to articulate unapproved religious perspectives. The British Parliament passed a Bill of Rights in 1689. This bill proclaimed the right to speak freely. It returned amid the French Revolution of 1789 which declared speaking freely as a natural right of each person. As indicated by Holy Quran there might be no impulse in acknowledgment of the religion which is also proved from Sunnah and through the actions of the companions of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Blasphemy law is a law related to blasphemy, or irreverence toward holy prophets, or beliefs or religious traditions. In the provisions of Article 18 and 19 of the U.N. Charter, no limitations were made for expression which has left the room open for the defamation on name of freedom of speech. According to Islam, maintaining the honor and respect of all people is essential for regional, national and universal peace. Any articulation which abuses peace, honor and pride of any individual, race, religious gathering or any minority assembly as a rule and so forth cannot be incorporated into the meaning of flexibility of articulation or freedom of speech.
The anti-ulcer effects of methanolic extract of neem leaf (NLE) and neem compound nimolicine (NC) have been studied and the effects were compared with the ulcer healing drugs Ranitidine and Omeperazole on stomach of albino rats (Wistar strain). A total of 90 rats of both sex weighing 150-200 gms were used in the study. The rats were divided into six groups. Per oral administration of ethanol (100%) was used for ulcer induction. This group served as a check group. The control group was given Peanut oil 1 ml/day for the treatment of ulcer. The test groups received NLE 1ml/day (0.88 gm) p/o for 5 days and NC 1% (0.01 gm in 1 ml) p/o per day for 3 days. The healing was compared to the healing effects of p/o Ranitidine 50 mg/kg and Omeperazole (2.5mg/kg). The ulcer induction and healing effects both were confirmed by histopathology of the gastric tissues. The calculation of ulcer index and ulcer inhibition percentage was done. The gastric secretion of H mEq/100 Gms of rat was also calculated. The antioxidant activity of NLE and NC was also done. Finally the identification of NLE, NC, and drugs in tissue extracts were done by HPLC. The results were analysed by using a one way ANOVA by a SPSS version 18 computerized software programme. The P value (P<0.05) was considered significant. The results show that NLE is better than NC and the anti ulcer effect of NLE can be compared to the anti-ulcer drugs Ranitidine and Omeperazole. The high antioxidant activity of NLE compared to NC may explain the mechanism of action of NLE whichxiv needs further explorations. The effects of NLE and NC on gastric secretion of H mEq/100 gms when compared with PNO and Ranitidine and Omeperazole were insignificant. However there was a significant difference on comparison of gastric secretion between PNO control and Ranitidine. Further studies are required to confirm the present study by conducting clinical trials. Anti ulcer treatment by NLE will be of financial benefit to the community in developing countries specially in Pakistan. In conclusion NLE has a better ulcer healing effect compared to NC. The effect of NLE can be compared to the ulcer healing drugs Ranitidine and Omeperazole.